题名

隨收隨付與完全提存的國民退休年金：不同財政政策指標之比較

并列篇名

The Pay-as-you-go Pension System and the Fully-funded Pension System

DOI

10.6277/ter.2011.392.2

作者

金志婷(Chi-Ting Chin)

关键词

國民退休年金 ； 隨收隨付制 ； 完全提存制 ； 經濟成長 ； 社會福利 ； national pension ； pay-as-you-go ； fully-funded ； economic growth ； social welfare

期刊名称

經濟論文叢刊

卷期/出版年月

39卷2期（2011 / 06 / 01）

页次

213 - 241

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

本文考慮政府財政政策的指標爲釘住固定的政府支出規模或釘住固定的勞動所得稅率，比較隨收隨付年金制與完全提存年金制對經濟成長以及社會福利的影響，我們發現：1.無論財政政策的指標爲釘住固定的政府支出規模或釘住固定的勞動所得稅率，隨收隨付的國民年金制皆將減低經濟成長、提升當代年長者福利、減弱未來世代的福利；2.若以固定政府支出規模爲指標，隨收隨付的國民年金制度將不利於當代年輕人的福利，而以固定勞動所得稅率爲指標之下，隨收隨付的國民年金制度則有助於當代年輕人的福利；3.若財政政策的指標爲固定政府支出規模，完全提存的國民年金將完全不會對經濟成長以及社會福利造成影響；4.若財政政策的指標爲固定勞動所得稅率，完全提存的國民年金對經濟成長、當代年輕人福利、未來世代的福利皆有正面的影響效果。
英文摘要

This paper considers two fiscal policy rules including government spending scale targeting and income tax rate targeting to compare the growth and welfare effects of the pay-as-you-go pension system with those of the fully-funded pension system. Several main findings emerge from the analysis. First, regardless of the fiscal policy rule, the pay-as-you-go pension system reduces the economic growth and the welfare of the future generations, but raises the welfare of the older generation. Secondly, the pay-as-you-go pension system reduces the welfare of the younger generation under government spending scale targeting but raises it under income tax rate targeting. Thirdly, the fully-funded pension system does not affect economic growth and social welfare under government spending scale targeting. Fourthly, the fully-funded pension system raises economic growth and welfare of the young and future generations under income tax rate targeting.
主题分类 社會科學 > 經濟學
参考文献
  1. 陳虹如, H. J.,林富玲, F. L(2007).預期壽命延長與社會安全制度對長期所得水準的影響.經濟論文叢刊,35(1),1-31.
    連結：
  2. Belan, P. and Pesrieau, P. (1997), "Privarizing social security. A critical assessment", Mimeo, CORE DP #9784.
  3. 行政院主計處國情統計通報資料(2 006) ，"9 月底的歲以土高齡人口佔總人口比率9 .9%" ， URL: http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/publiclData/6111017312671. pdf。(Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R. O. c., Taiwan, (2006), "The proportion of the population aged 65 years and over was 9.9% at the end of September", available at http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Data/6111017312671.pdf)
  4. Roberts, M. and Fisher, E. (2001 ), "Funded pensions, labor markrt participation and economic growth", Working paper, Universiry of Noningham Economics Discussion, 2-9
  5. 行政院勞工委員會勞工保險局全球資訊網(2009) ，"國民年金簡介"， URL: http://www.bli.gov. tw /sub.aspx?a=EqVSfrb7aTO%3D。(Bureau of Labor Insurance, Council of Labor Affairs， Executive Yuan Taiwan R. O. C., (2009), "Introduction to national pension", available at http://www. bli.gov. tw/sub.aspx?a=EqVSfrb7aTO%3D)
  6. Aghion, P.,Howitt, P.(1992).A model of growth through creative destruction.Econometrica,60,323-351.
  7. Altig, D.,Gokhale, J.(1997).Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Working Paper, 9703Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Working Paper, 9703,Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
  8. Aschaller, D. A.(2000).Do states optimize? Public capital and economic growth.Annals of Regional Science,34,343-363.
  9. Barham, V.,Boadway, R.,Marchand, M.,Pestieau, P.(1995).Education and the poverty trap.European Economic Review,39,1257-1275.
  10. Barro, R. J.(1974).Are government bonds net wealth?.Journal of Political Economy,82,1095-1117.
  11. Barro, R. J.(2007).Macroeconomics: A Modern Approach.South-Western College Publishers.
  12. Becker, G. S.,Barro, R. J.(1988).A reformulation of the economic theory of fertility.Quarterly Journal of Economics,103,1-26.
  13. Belan, P.,Michel, P.,Pesrieau, P.(1998).Parero-improving social security reform.The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Theory,23,119-125.
  14. Bils, M.,Klenow, P. J.(2000).Does schooling cause growth.American Economic Review,90,1160-1183.
  15. Blanchard, O. J.(1985).Debt, deficits and finite horizons.Journal of Political Economy,93,223-247.
  16. Bloom, D. E.,Canning, D.,Sevilla, J.(2001).NBER working paper, no 8587NBER working paper, no 8587,NBER.
  17. Buiter, W. H.(1988).Death, productivity growth and debt neutraliry.Economic Journal,98,279-293.
  18. Chamley, C.(1986).Optimal taxation of capital income in general equilibrium with infinite lives.Econometrica,54,607-622.
  19. Cigno, A.,Rosati, F. C.(1992).The effects of financial and social security on saving and fertility behavior in Italy.Journal of Population Economics,5,319-341.
  20. DeGregorio, J.(1996).Borrowing constraints, human capital accumulation and growth.Journal of Monetary Economics,37,49-71.
  21. Devarajan, S.,Swaroop, V.,Zou, H.(1996).The composition of public expenditure and economic growth.Journal of Monetary Economics,37,313-344.
  22. Diamond, P. A.(1965).National debt in a neoclassical growth model.American Economic Review,55,1126-1150.
  23. Feehan, P. J.,Matsumoto, M.(2002).Distortionary taxation and optimal public spending on productive activities.Economic Inquiry,40,60-68.
  24. Feldstein, M. S.(1974).Social security, induced retirement, and aggregate capital formation.Journal of Political Economy,23,905-926.
  25. Feldstein, M. S.(ed.)(1998).Privatizing Social Security.Chicago:Universiry of Chicago Press.
  26. Glomm, G.,Ravikumar, B.(1997).Productive government expenditures and long-run growth.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,21,183-204.
  27. Grossman, G. M.,Helpman, E.(1991).Qualiry ladders in the theory of growth.Review of Economic Studies,58,43-61.
  28. Howitt, P.(1999).Steady endogenous growth with population and R&D inputs growing.Journal of Political Economy,107,715-730.
  29. Jappelli, T.,Pagano, M.(1994).Savings growth and liquidity constraints.Quarterly Journal of Economics,109,83-109.
  30. Jones, C.(1995).R&D-bascd models of economic growth.Journal of Political Economy,103,759-784.
  31. Judd, K. L.(1985).Redistributive taxation in a simple perfect foresight model.Journal of Publical Economics,28,59-83.
  32. King, R. G.,Rebelo, S. T.(1990).Public policy and economic growth: Developing neoclassical implications.Journal of Publical Economics,98,S126-S150.
  33. Lin, S.(1998).Labor income taxation and human capital accumulation.Journal of Public Economics,68,291-302.
  34. Lucas, R. J.(1988).On the mechanics of economic development.Journal of Monetary Economics,22,3-42.
  35. Meijdam, L.(1998).Center for Economic Research Discussion Paper, 98133Center for Economic Research Discussion Paper, 98133,Tilburg Universiry.
  36. Mulligan, C. B.(1997).Parental Priorities and Economic Inequality.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  37. Odedokun, M. O.(1997).Relative effects of public versus private investment spending on economic efficiency and growth in developing countries.Applied Economics,29,1325-1336.
  38. Pollard, P. S.,Pecchenino, R. A.(1997).Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Papers, 97-022Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Papers, 97-022,Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
  39. Poterba, J. M.(ed.)(1996).Tax Policy and the Economy.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
  40. Rebelo, S.(1991).Long-run policy analysis and growth.Journal of Publical Economics,99,500-521.
  41. Romer, P. M.(1986).Increasing returns and long-run growth.Journal of Publical Economics,94,1102-1037.
  42. Romer, P. M.(1990).Endogenous technological change.Journal of Publical Economics,98,71-102.
  43. Romer, P. M.(1987).Growth based on increasing returns due to specialization.American Economic Review,77,56-62.
  44. Sala-i Martin, X.(1996).A positive theory of social security.Journal of Economics Growth,1,277-304.
  45. Samuelson, P. A.(1958).An exact consumption-loan model of interest with or without the social contrivance of money.Journal of Publical Economics,66,467-482.
  46. Segerstrom, P.(1998).Endogenous growth without scale effects.American Economic Review,88,1290-1310.
  47. Segerstrom, P.,Anant, T.,Dinopoulos, E.(1990).A Schumpeterian model of the product life cycle.American Economic Review,80,1077-1092.
  48. Sheshinski, E.,Weiss, Y.(1981).Uncertainty and optimal social security system.Quarterly Journal of Economics,96,189- 206.
  49. Sinn, H. W.(2004).The pay-as-you-go pension system as fertility insurance and an enforcement device.Journal of Publical Economics,88,1335-1357.
  50. Trostel, P. A.(1993).The effect of taxation on human capital.Journal of Publical Economics,101,327-350.
  51. Turnovsky, S. J.(1996).Optimal tax, debt, and expenditure policies in a growing economy.Journal of Public Economics,60,21-44.
  52. Turnovsky, S. J.(2000).Fiscal policy, elastic labor supply, and endogenous growth.Journal of Monetary Economics,45,185-210.
  53. Valdéz-Prieto, S.(ed.)(1997).The Economics of Pensions Principles, Policies and Intemational Experiences.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  54. Weil, P.(1989).Overlapping families of infinitely-lived agents.Journal of Public Economics,38,183-198.
  55. Yaari, M. E.(1965).Uncertain lifetime, life insurance, and the theory of the consumer.Review of Economic Studies,32,137-150.
  56. Yakita, A.(2001).Taxation in an overlapping generations model with human capital.International Tax and Public Finance,8,775-792.
  57. Yakita, A.(2001).Uncertain lifetime, fertility and social security.Journal of Population Economics,14,635-640.
  58. Yoon, Y.,Talmain, G.(2001).Endogenous fertility, endogenous growth and public pension system: Should we switch from a pay-as-you-go to a fully funded system?.The Manchester School,69,586- 605.
  59. Zagler, M.,Dürnecker, G.(2003).Fiscal policy and economic growth.Journal of Economic Surverys,17,397-418.
  60. Zhang, J.(1995).Social security and endogenous growth.Journal of Public Economics,58,185- 213.
  61. 吳聰敏, T. M.(2007).總體經濟學.台北=Taipei:翰盧圖書出版有限公司=Hanlu Book and Publishing.
  62. 楊靜利, C.(2000).公共年金的財務處理方式.國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文暨社會科學,10(3),316-329.
被引用次数
  1. (2017)。新舊世代對於年金改革看法的衝突－從法制層面談起。朝陽人文社會學刊，15(2)，19-38。
print cancel