高齡親代與中壯子代之經濟依附行為探討：親子與家戶的分析

Economic Dependence of Grown-Up Children on Their Elderly Parents: An Analysis of Children, Parents, and Families

10.6191/JPS.201912_(59).0003

劉千嘉(Chien-Chia Liu)

啃老族 ； 人口普查 ； 中壯子代 ； 高齡父母 ； parasite singles/couples ； population census ； grown-up children ； elderly parents

人口學刊

59期（2019 / 12 / 01）

89 - 129

繁體中文

老年父母與子女同住在過去被視為東方社會的孝道體現，但近年媒體以「啃老族」描繪經濟上依附高齡父母的成年子女，並建構出一污名的群體形象。事實上，造成中壯子代經濟依附高齡父母的社會驅力甚多，但僅零星的個案報導，卻也造成了公眾對此群體有偏狹的認識。為能進一步描述此群體的生活樣貌，本文運用2010年人口及住宅普查資料，並聚焦於30－54歲、未工作與高齡父母同住且經濟上依附父母的中壯子代，藉由分析其家戶、親代與子代特性，嘗試探討人力資本、家庭生命歷程、家庭照顧需求對中壯子女依附其高齡父母的影響。研究發現如下：一、人力資本弱勢之中壯子代依附高齡父母的可能性愈高；二、單身／未婚的中壯子代將增加其依附的可能性；三、當家中有需長期照顧的家人時，將提高中壯子女經濟依附的可能。

In the past, the case of elderly parents living with their children was considered a manifestation of filial piety in Eastern societies. However, in recent years, the media have used the term ＂parasite singles/couples＂ to describe grown-up children who are economically dependent on their elderly parents and has constructed a stigmatized image of them. In fact, there are various factors leading to grown-up children depending on elderly parents economically; however, at present, only a few such cases are being reported, causing a narrow understanding of this group among the public. Since there is no empirical research that specifically addresses this group, this study utilizes the 2010 population and census data of Taiwan and focuses on the grown-up population aged between 30 and 54 years, unemployed, living with their elderly parents, and economically dependent on them. The study analyzes the characteristics of the families, parents, and children to explore the effects such as human capital, family life course, and family care need on grown-up children depending on their parents. The research findings are as follows: (1) grown-up children with weak human capital are more likely to depend on their elderly parents; (2) single/ unmarried grown-up children have a higher possibility of dependence; (3) grown-up children who have a relative in need of long-term care have an increased possibility of depending on their parents for their economic needs.

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