题名

伊朗核協議對國際核燃料供應建制發展的影響

并列篇名

JCPOA's Impacts on the Development of the International Nuclear Fuel Supply Assurance Regime

DOI

10.6166/TJPS.201812_(78).0003

作者

曾雅真(Yea-jen Tseng)

关键词

核不擴散 ； 供應保證 ； 出口控制 ； 建制建構 ； 國際造法 ； 規範變異 ； 聯合全面行動計畫 ； Non-proliferation ； Assurance of Nuclear Fuel Supply ； Export Control ； Regime Construction ； International Law-making ； Norm Transition ； JCPOA

期刊名称

政治科學論叢

卷期/出版年月

78期（2018 / 12 / 01）

页次

69 - 103

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

伊朗以核能和平利用爲訴求，主張自我建構核燃料製造的鈾濃縮技術，確保核燃料的供應安全。鈾濃縮乃發展核武的敏感技術，美歐國家憂心，一旦放任此種發展，則有核武擴散之慮。隨著聯合全面行動計畫（Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA）的簽署與生效，核燃料供應保證的國際造法歷程，意外促成核不擴散建制既有規範的差序化。回顧不擴散核武器條約（Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, NPT）建制重塑，伊朗核燃料供應保證談判的國際造法歷程，以及美國川普政府試圖重新剝奪伊朗核子能力的議程設定，可以發現，操作核不擴散建制的國際強權，不但可以透過外交談判等權力互動，置入核燃料供應保證的新概念，並且得以運用國際造法，添附NPT規範支柱的規範前提，透過規範變異限縮NPT非核國核能和平使用的權力；霸權更能恣意以單邊否決手段，去除不符其利的規範安排，爲規範建制的再度重塑，添附更多的運作空間。
英文摘要

Iran has been advocating the peaceful use of nuclear energy allowing for the development and possession uranium enrichment technology, which is a core element for nuclear fuel manufacturing, while claiming that it is the right of a sovereign state to ensure its secure supply of nuclear fuel. However, as uranium enrichment is a key technology for the development of nuclear weapons, the U. S. and European countries are concerned that once such development has been granted to Iran, there is a potential risk for the proliferation of nuclear weapons. After the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) came into force, international law-making processes for the assurance of nuclear fuel supply had accidently constructed the normative hierarchy of the NPT principles. By recalling the regime reconstruction process of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), law-making for the nuclear fuel supply assurance during the JCPOA negotiations, as well as the agenda-setting initiated by Trump administration's attempt to comprehensively re-deprive Iran's nuclear capability, this article discovers that the great powers that manipulated the NPT regime could input new ideas. These ideas include the assurance of nuclear fuel supply through the interaction of powers during international negotiations, which add new preconditions for the implementation of the principle of the peaceful use of nuclear energy and constrain the rights under which non-nuclear states of the NPT regime can peacefully use nuclear energy. The hegemony can unilaterally veto the normative arrangement that are against its interests and create extra space for the normative reconstruction of international regimes.
主题分类 社會科學 > 社會科學綜合
参考文献
  1. 袁易(2005)。『不擴散核武器條約』之再審視：一個權力政治與身分政治的解析。問題與研究，44(4)，101-150。
    連結：
  2. 陳文生(2010)。人面獅身霸權與核不擴散典則：美國對北韓、伊朗及伊拉克核擴散之處理。政治科學論叢，43，83-118。
    連結：
  3. 曾雅真(2012)。和平利用核能之國際造法趨勢─IAEA核燃料循環多邊化倡議的實踐與影響。問題與研究，51(2)，69-100。
    連結：
  4. 曾雅真(2007)。從議程設定論國際經貿規範之法制化：以「市場擾亂」概念的發展與演化為例。問題與研究，40(3)，85-124。
    連結：
  5. 鄭端耀(2000)。核不擴散建制的運作與發展。問題與研究，39(4)，41-76。
    連結：
  6. Black-Branch, J. L.,Fleck, D.(2014).Nuclear Non-Proliferation in International Law Volume I.The Hague:T. M.C. Asser Press.
  7. Black-Branch, Jonathan L.(ed.),Fleck, Dieter(ed.)(2016).Nuclear Non-Proliferation in International Law Volume III Legal Aspects of the Use of Nuclear Energy for Peaceful Purposes.The Hague:T. M.C. Asser Press.
  8. Black-Branch, Jonathan L.(ed.),Fleck, Dieter(ed.)(2014).Nuclear Non-Proliferation in International Law Volume I.The Hague:T. M.C. Asser Press.
  9. Burr, W. 2012. “New Documents Show US Feared Proliferation of Nuclear Technology in 1960s.” in https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/new-documents-show-us-feared-proliferation-nuclear-technology-1960s. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  10. Byers, M.(1999).Custom, Power and the Power of Rules: International Relations and Customary International Law.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  11. Chayes, A.,Chayes, A. H.(1993).On Compliance.International Organization,47(2),175-205.
  12. Cronberg, T.(2017).No EU, No Iran Deal: The EU's Choice between Multilateralism and the Transatlantic Link.The Nonproliferation Review,24(3/4),243-259.
  13. De Francia, C.(2012).Enforcing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime: The Legality of Preventive Measures.Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law,45(3),705-783.
  14. Department of Treasure. 2018. “Iran Sanctions.” in https://www.treasury.gov/resourcecenter/sanctions/Programs/Pages/iran.aspx. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  15. ElBaradei, M.(2003).Towards a Safer World.The Economist,369(8346),47-48.
  16. European Commission. 2018. “Updated Blocking Statute in Support of Iran Nuclear Eeal Enters Into Force (Brussels, 6 August 2018).” in http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-18-4805_en.htm. Latest update 06 December 2018.
  17. European Union. 2009. “Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 of 5 May 2009 Setting up a Community Regime for the Control of Exports, Transfer, Brokering and Transit of Dual-use Items (Recast).” in http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02009R0428-20161116&from=EN. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  18. European Union. 2018. “Implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action: Joint Ministerial Statement.” in https://eeas. europa.eu/delegations/iran/51036/implementation-joint-comprehensive-plan-action-joint-ministerial-statement_en.Latest update 6 December 2018.
  19. Finnemore, M.,Sikkink, K.(1998).International Norm Dynamics and Political Change.International Organization,52(4),887-917.
  20. Gilpin, R.(1981).War and Chang in World Politics.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  21. IAEA. 2006d. “Communication Dated 31 May 2006 Received from the Permanent Missions of France, Germany, the Netherlands, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America (1 June 2006. GOV/INF/2006/10).” in https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/98987.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  22. IAEA. 2018. “Statement by H. E. Dr. Ali Akbar Salehi Vice President and Head of the Atomic Energy Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran at the 62nd General Conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency (Vienna, 17 September 2018).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/18/09/gc62-iran-statement.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  23. IAEA. 2010. “Communication Dated 1 March 2010 Received from the Resident Representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Agency Regarding Assurances of Nuclear Fuel Supply (INFCIRC/785, 2 March 2010).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2010/infcirc785.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  24. IAEA. 2005c. “Communication Dated 8 August 2005 Received from the Resident Representatives of France, Germany and the United Kingdom to the Agency (INFCIRC/651, 8 August 2005).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2005/infcirc651.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  25. IAEA. 2005b. “Communication Dated 1 August 2005 Received from the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Agency (INFCIRC/648, 1 August 2005).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2005/infcirc648.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  26. IAEA. 2006c. “Communication Dated 6 November 2006 Received from the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Agency (INFCIRC/685, 8 November 2006).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2006/infcirc685.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  27. IAEA. 2006b. “Communication Dated 14 July 2006 Received from the Resident Representative of France to the Agency (INFCIRC/676, 14 July 2006).” In https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2006/infcirc676_fr.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  28. IAEA. 2015. “IAEA and Russia Sign Transit Agreement for IAEA Fuel Bank, (June 18 2015).” in https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-and-russia-sign-transit-agreement-for-iaea-fuel-bank. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  29. IAEA. 1970. “Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (INFCIRC/140 22 April 1970).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1970/infcirc140.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  30. IAEA. 2008a. “Communication Dated 4 March from the Governor for the Russian Federation and the Resident Representatives of China, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States of America Concerning UN Security Council Resolution 1803 (2008) (INFCIRC/723, 5 March 2008).” in https:// www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2008/infcirc723.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  31. IAEA. 2003. “Implementation of the NPT safeguards agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran (GOV/2003/40, 6 June 2003).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/gov2003-40.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  32. IAEA. 2008c. “Communication Dated 25 June 2008 Received from the Resident Representative of the United Kingdom to the Agency Concerning a Letter and offer of 12 June 2008 Delivered to the Islamic Republic of Iran (INFCIRC/730, 1 July 2008).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2008/infcirc730.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  33. IAEA. 2008b. “Communication Dated 16 June 2008 Received from the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Agency Concerning the Text of the Islamic Republic of Iran's Proposed Package for Constructive Negotiation (INFCIRC/729, 18 June 2008).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2008/infcirc729.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  34. IAEA. 2013. “Communication Dated 27 November 2013 Received from the EU High Representative Concerning the Text of the Joint Plan of Action (INFCIRC/855, 27 November 2013).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2013/infcirc855.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  35. IAEA. 2004. “Communication dated 26 November 2004 Received from the Permanent Representatives of France, Germany, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United Kingdom Concerning the Agreement Signed in Paris on 15 November 2004 (INFCIRC/637, 26 November 2004).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2004/infcirc637.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  36. IAEA. 2005a. “Multilateral Approaches to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Expert Group Report submitted to the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (INFCIRC/640).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2005/infcirc640.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  37. IAEA. 1972. “The Structure and Content of Agreements Between the Agency and States Required in Connection With the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (INFCIRC/153).” in http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/Others/infcirc153.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  38. IAEA. 1997. “Model Protocol Additional to the Agreemehnt(s) between States(s) and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Appliction of Safefuards (INFCIRC/540) (Corrected).” in http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/1997/infcirc540c.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  39. IAEA. 2006a. “Communication Dated 24 January 2006 Received from the Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Agency (INFCIRC/665, 31 January 2006).” in https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/2006/infcirc665.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  40. Joyner, D.(2013).Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  41. Joyner, D. H.(2009).International Law and the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  42. Keohane, R. O.(1984).After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy.New Jork:Princeton University Press.
  43. Keohane, R. O.(1982).The Demand for International Regimes.International Organization,36(2),325-355.
  44. Keohane, R. O.,Nye, J. S.(2001).Power and Interdependence.New York:Longman.
  45. Krasner, S. D.(ed.)(1983).International Regimes.Ithaca:Cornell University Press.
  46. Kratochwil, F.,Ruggie, J. G.(1986).International Organization: A State of the Art on an Art of the State.International Organization,40(4),753-775.
  47. Krisch, N.(2005).International Law in Times of Hegemony: Unequal Power and the Shaping of the International Legal Order.The European Journal of International Law,16(3),369-408.
  48. Kroenig, M.(2014).Force or Friendship? Explaining Great Power Nonproliferation Policy.Security Studies,23(1),1-32.
  49. Mousavian, S. H.,Mousavian, M. M.(2018).Building on the Iran Nuclear Deal for International Peace and Security.Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament,1,169-192.
  50. NBC. 2018. “U. S. Refuses European Requests for Exemptions from Its New Sanctions on Iran (July 14).” in https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/u-s-refuses-european-requests-exemptions-its-new-sanctions-iran-n891371. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  51. NPT. 2005a. “Articles III (3) and IV, Preambular Paragraphs 6 and 7, Especially in their Relationship to Article III (1), (2) and (4) and Preambular Paragraphs 4 and 5 (Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy)-Working Paper for Submission to Main Committee III by Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway and Sweden (2005 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, NPT/CONF.2005/WP.11, 26 April 2005).” in https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N05/324/60/PDF/N0532460.pdf?OpenElement. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  52. NPT. 2005b. “Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy- Working Paper Submitted by the Islamic Republic of Iran for Main Committee III (2005 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, NPT/CONF.2005/WP.50. 19 May 2005).” in https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N05/350/68/PDF/N0535068.pdf?OpenElement. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  53. NSG. 2016. “Guidelines for Transfers of Nuclear-related Dual-use Equipment, Materials, Software, and Related Technology (INFCIRC/254/Rev.10/Part 2).” In https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1978/infcirc254r10p2.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  54. Quester, G. H.(1972).Soviet Policy on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.Cornell International Law Journal,5(1),17-34.
  55. Rezaei, F.(2017).Iran's Nuclear Program: A Study in Proliferation and Rollback.New York:Palgrave Macmillan.
  56. Risse, T.,Ropp, S. C.,Sikkink, K.(2013).The Persistent Power of Human Rights.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  57. Schiff, B. N.(1992).Dominance without Hegemony: U. S. Relations with the International Atomic Energy Agency.The United States and Multilateral Institutions: Patterns of Changing Instrumentality and Influence,New York:
  58. Security Council. 2009. “Resolution 1887 (2009) Adopted by the Security Council at its 6191st meeting, on 24 September 2009 (S/RES/1887) (2009).” in http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/1887(2009). Latest update 6 December 2018.
  59. Security Council. 1995. “Use of Nuclear Weapons S/RES/984 (1995).” in http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/984(1995). Latest update 6 December 2018.
  60. Security Council. 2015. “Resolution 2231 (2015) Adopted by the Security Council at its 7488th meeting, on 20 July 2015 (S/RES/2231) (2015).” in http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/RES/2231%20(2015). Latest update 6 December 2018.
  61. Security Council. 1968. “Security Council Resolution 255 (1968) on Measures to Safeguard Non-nuclear-weapon States Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (S/RES/255(1968). 19 June 1968).” In https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/90759/files/S_RES_255%281968%29-EN.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  62. Security Council. 2018. “Letter Dated 30 August 2018 from the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency Addressed to the President of the Security Council (S/2018/835. 12 September 2018).” in https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7b65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7d/S_2018_83.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  63. Tate, T. M.(1990).Regime-Building in the Non-Proliferation System.Journal of Peace Research,27(4),399-414.
  64. Thomas, Risse(ed.),Ropp, Stephen C.(ed.),Sikkink, Kathryn(ed.)(2013).The Persistent Power of Human Rights.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  65. United Kingdom. 2017. “Declaration by the Heads of State and Government of France, Germany and the United Kingdom (13 October 2017).” in https://www.gov.uk/government/news/declaration-by-the-heads-of-state-and-government-of-france-germany-and-the-united-kingdom. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  66. United Kingdom. 2018a. “Joint Statement from Prime Minister May, Chancellor Merkel and President Macron Following President Trump's Statement on Iran (8 May 2018).” in https://www.gov.uk/government/news/joint-statement-from-prime-minister-may-chancellor-merkel-and-president-macron-followingpresident-trum%E2%80%A6. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  67. United Kingdom. 2018b. “Joint E3 Letter to Steven Mnuchin and Mike Pompeo on JCPOA (6 June 2018).” in https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/joint-e3-letter-to-steven-mnuchin-and-mike-pompeo-on-jcpoa. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  68. United Nations. 1960a. “Report of the 1st Committee (A/4680. 20 December 1960).” in https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/844743/files/A_4680-EN.pdf.Latest update 6 December 2018.
  69. United Nations. 1961b. “Prevention of the Wider Dissemination of Nuclear Weapons (A/RES/1665) (XVI), (4 December 1961).” in http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/1665(XVI). Latest update 6 December 2018.
  70. United Nations. 1995b. “Decision 3-Principles and Objective for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament (1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference).” in https://unoda-web.s3-accelerate.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/assets/WMD/Nuclear/1995-NPT/pdf/NPT_CONF199503.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  71. United Nations. 1995a. “Decision 2-Principles and Objective for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament (1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference).” in https://unoda-web.s3-accelerate.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/assets/WMD/Nuclear/1995-NPT/pdf/1995-NY-NPTReviewConference-FinalDocumentDecision_2.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  72. United Nations. 1959b. “Prevention of the Wider Dissemination of Nuclear Weapons (A/RES/1380) (XIV) (20 November 1959).” in https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/206353/files/A_RES_1380%28XIV%29-EN.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  73. United Nations. 2010. “Final Document of the 2010 NPT Review Conference, Part I-Conclusions and Recommendations for Follow-on Actions (NPT/Conference 2010/50, Vol. I).” in http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=NPT/CONF.2010/50%20(VOL.I). Latest update 6 December 2018.
  74. United Nations. 1959a. “Report of the 1st Committee (A/4286, 18 November 1959).” in https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/841872/files/A_4286-EN.pdf.Latest update 6 December 2018.
  75. United Nations. 1965. “Resolution on Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (A/RES/2028) (XX).” in http://digitallibrary.un.org/record/203465/files/A_RES_2028%28XX%29-EN.pdf?version=1. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  76. United Nations. 1960b. “Prevention of the Wider Dissemination of Nuclear Weapons (A/RES/1576) (XV) (20 December, 1960).” in https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/205865/files/A_RES_1576%28XV%29-EN.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  77. United Nations. 1961a. “The Prevention of the Wider Dissemination of Nuclear Weapons: Report of the 1st Committee (A/5002. 1 December. 1961).” In https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/841228/files/A_5002-EN.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  78. United States Congress. 2015. “Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-117).” in https://www.congress.gov/114/plaws/publ17/PLAW-114publ17.pdf. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  79. United States Department of Defense(2018).,未出版
  80. Wendt, A.(1999).Social Theory of International Politics.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  81. White House. 2018c. “Remarks by President Trump at the United Nations Security Council Briefing on Counterproliferation (September 26, 2018).” in https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-unitednations-security-council-briefing-counterproliferation-new-york-ny/. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  82. White House. 2018a. “Statement by the President on the Iran Nuclear Deal (January 12, 2018).” in https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/statement- president-iran-nuclear-deal/. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  83. White House. 2017. “President Donald J. Trump's New Strategy on Iran (October 13, 2017).” in https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trumps-new-strategy-iran/. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  84. White House. 2018b. “President Donald J. Trump is Ending United States Participation in an Unacceptable Iran Deal (May 8, 2018).” in https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-ending-united-states-participation-unacceptable-iran-deal/. Latest update 6 December 2018.
  85. Willrich, M.(1968).The Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: Nuclear Technology Confronts World Politics.The Yale Law Journal,77(8),1447-1519.
  86. Young, O. R.(1991).Political Leadership and Regime Formation: On the Development of Institution in International Society.International Organization,45(3),281-308.
  87. Young, O. R.(1982).Regime Dynamics: The Rise and Fall of International Regimes.International Organization,36(2),277-297.
  88. Young, O. R.(1982).Resource Regimes: Natural Resources and Social Institutions.Berkeley:University of California Press.
被引用次数
  1. 曾雅真(2019)。核能規範國際法治化？IAEA於哈薩克設立低濃縮鈾銀行設立協議的探索。政治學報，68，1-37。
  2. 曾雅真(2021)。不對稱地位的法制化強固：NPT建制核武國核保防特權的深化與影響。政治學報，72，1-42。
  3. 林人一(2021)。美國退出伊朗核協議之法律與政治分析。台灣國際法學刊，17(2)，67-83。
print cancel