Technologies for Diversity: Governance for Difference, Justice and Sustainability in Pluralist Democracies

多樣化的技術：多元民主的差異、正義與永續之治理

10.6234/JGR.2015.63.03

Richard Howitt

原住民權利 ； 環境與社會正義 ； 永續性 ； 治理 ； 人類世 ； Indigenous rights ； environmental and social justice ； sustainability ； governance ； Anthropocene

地理研究

63期（2015 / 11 / 01）

55 - 71

英文

人類世中所有的環境系統是人類與自然的耦合系統，環境政策無可避免地的是使得人和環境的關係密不可分，在此認知下，本文認為永續策略必須包括能助長尊重及寬厚的共存治理途徑。盡管過去半世紀多以來，在許多哲學家的極力努力下，人類社會仍持續深深地被文化、宗教、種族及思想的多樣化所困擾。以澳大拉西亞及台灣民主政府下的原住民經驗來看，本文認為培育及著重包容、認同及參與的治理技術，是評估成功與否的關鍵原則，也是實現公正及永續未來的重點。本文簡要探討環境與社會正義在轉換實務上的挑戰與機會。

Starting from recognition that all environmental systems in the Anthropocene are coupled human-and-natural systems, and that environmental policy inescapably entangles people and nature, this paper argues that strategies for sustainability must include approaches to governance that foster respectful and generous being-together-in-place. Despite the best efforts of philosophers of difference over the past half century or more, human societies continue to be deeply troubled by cultural, religious, ethnic and ideological diversity in their midst. Reflecting on Indigenous Peoples' experience under conditions of democratic government in Australasia and Taiwan, the paper argues that technologies of governance that foster and prioritise inclusion, recognition and participation as key principals for evaluating success are central to enabling just and sustainable futures. The paper briefly invites exploration of both impediments to and opportunities for transformative practice in areas of environmental and social justice.

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