题名

一樣風雨兩樣情:兩個泰雅部落土石流災害識覺與災後重建調適行為的比較

并列篇名

Landslide Leads to Different Futures: A Comparison of Disaster Perception and Adaptation Behavior of Two Indigenous Atayal Tribal Communities

DOI

10.6234/JGR.202011_(72).0002

作者

劉晏汝(Yan-Ru Liou);吳國銘(Guo-Ming Wu);林貝珊(Pei-Shan Sonia Lin)

关键词

災後復原 ; 避難疏散 ; 降低災害風險 ; 嘎色鬧部落 ; 合流部落 ; post-disaster recovery ; shelter and evacuation ; disaster risk reduction ; Ksunu ; Heliu

期刊名称

地理研究

卷期/出版年月

72期(2020 / 11 / 01)

页次

35 - 54

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

2015年蘇迪勒颱風及後續環流所挾之強降雨,分別直接與間接對桃園市復興區合流部落與嘎色鬧部落造成土石流災害。災後,兩部落分別以異地及原地方式重建,目前兩部落之屋舍硬體皆已重建完成,然而吾人卻缺乏對居民災害識覺與重建決策之根本理解。本研究運用災害識覺觀點,探討兩部落重建決策與復原過程等調適行為之異同,以半結構式深度訪談蒐集一手資料並進行兩個案之綜合比較。研究結果發現,總體而言受災程度等災害經驗會顯著影響災害識覺,並且會影響撤離意願與重建區位選擇等調適行為。此外,異地重建是具體降低暴露於災害風險的調適方法之一,但也因此降低居民往後臨災時之撤離意願;而原地重建之決策則須承受災害的再發生風險,因此居民的調適行為除了源於受災經驗的臨災調適行為,也搭配公部門的工程減災手段。除了受災經驗與識覺等內生因素對調適行為的影響,我們亦發現外部因素(例如,避難處所規劃、公權力執行方法)與災害識覺及行為之高度相關。本研究建議公部門與部落災後重建時,應有雙向的風險溝通,並拉長時間至後續復原過程,因應環境與在地脈絡調整減災與臨災方式,以確保實質且有效的降低部落居民的災害風險。

英文摘要

Heavy rainfall associated with Typhoon Soudelor in 2015 both directly and indirectly caused landslide disaster events that affected two indigenous Atayal tribes, the Heliu and the Ksunu, who were residing in Taoyuan City. The affected tripes made the decision to either rebuild in-situ (Ksunu) or relocate to a nearby location (Heliu). This study uses hazard perception and adaptive behavior to explore the similarities and differences between the two tribes' reconstruction decisions and recovery processes. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect first-hand data for comparison. Results showed that factors such as level of impact significantly influenced disaster perception; moreover, it was directly related to adaptive behavior, such as willingness to evacuate in the future or the selection of the relocation site. As relocation could essentially reduce disaster risk, the relocated residents' willingness to evacuate dropped dramatically at the same time. In situ reconstruction implies that residents accepted the risk of future disaster reoccurrence; engineering measures were therefore adopted, but also a continuous, even increased sensitivity to environmental hazards. In addition to innate human factors, this study found that external influences, such as evacuation shelter planning and public authority implementation, could play critical roles in residents' behaviors. We suggest that a two-way approach featuring equality-based risk communication should be utilized throughout the entire disaster management process to ensure effective disaster risk reduction measures that reflect residents' needs and attitudes.

主题分类 人文學 > 地理及區域研究
参考文献
  1. 白仁德, J. T.,吳杰穎, J. Y.,賴炳樹, B. S.,黃冠華, K. H.(2010)。土石流災害下行動弱勢族群疏散避難決策影響因素之研究。建築與規劃學報,11(1),35-52。
    連結:
  2. 洪鴻智, H. C..,盧禹廷, Y. T.(2015)。沿海居民的氣候變遷與颱洪災害調適。都市與計劃,42(1),87-108。
    連結:
  3. 許明禎, M. J..,林晏州(2001)。民眾對公園綠地防災機能認知與避難行為傾向之探討。都市與計畫,28(2),237-251。
    連結:
  4. 許修豪, H. H..,林貝珊, P. S.(2018)。防災資通訊之語音廣播系統與罹災經驗對居民調適行為之影響-以臺中市雙崎部落為例。災害防救科技與管理學刊,7(1),113-134。
    連結:
  5. 曾維德,廖學誠, S. C.(2017)。桃園市老街溪流域民眾的災害識覺及調適行為之研究。中華水土保持學報,48(3),145-152。
    連結:
  6. 謝志誠, J. J.,傅從喜, T. S.,陳竹上, J. S..,林萬億, W. I.(2012)。一條離原鄉愈來愈遠的路?:莫拉克颱風災後異地重建政策的再思考。台大社工學刊,26,41-86。
    連結:
  7. (2018).災難救援、安置與重建.台北市=Taipei City:五南=Wunan books.
  8. Ardaya, A. B.,Evers, M.,Ribbe, L.(2017).What influences disaster risk perception? Intervention measures, flood and landslide risk perception of the population living in flood risk areas in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil.International Journal of Disaster Disk Reduction,25,227-237.
  9. Bempah, S.A.,Øyhus, A.O.(2017).The role of social perception in disaster risk reduction: beliefs, perception, and attitudes regarding flood disasters in communities along the Volta River, Ghana.International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,23,104-108.
  10. Burton、 I.,Kates, R. W.,黃朝恩(譯), C. Y.(trans.),徐聖一(譯), S. Y.(trans.),蘇淑娟(譯), S. J.(trans.),廖學誠(譯), S. C.(trans.),翁叔平(譯), S. P.(trans.),許嘉恩(譯), J. E.(trans.)(2005).環境也是災害:你準備好面對了嗎?.臺北=Taipei:聯經=Linking publishing.
  11. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(2014).Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects.N. Y.:Cambridge University Press.
  12. Kates, R. W.(1962).Department of Geography Research PaperDepartment of Geography Research Paper,Chicago:University of Chicago.
  13. Liao, K. H.(2014).From flood control to flood adaptation: A case study on the Lower Green River Valley and the City of Kent in King County, Washington.Natural Hazards,71,723-750.
  14. Liao, K. H.,Le, A. T.,Nguyen, K. V.(2016).Urban design principles for flood resilience: Learning from the ecological wisdom of living with floods in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.Landscape and Urban Planning,155,69-78.
  15. Lindell, M. K.,Perry, R. W.(1987).Warning mechanisms in emergency response systems.International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters,5,137-153.
  16. Nelson, C. E.,Coovert, M. D.,Kurtz, A.,Fritzche, B.,Crumley, C.,Powell, A.(1989).Models of Hurricane Evacuation Behavior.Florida:University of South Florida.
  17. Rogers, G. O.(1997).The dynamics of risk perception: how does perceived risk respond to risk events.Risk Analysis,17(6),745-757.
  18. Seebauer, S.,Winkler, C.(2020).Should I stay or should I go? Factors in household decisions for or against relocation from a flood risk area.Global Environmental Change,60,102018.
  19. Vorst, H. C. M.(2010).Evacuation Models and Disaster Psychology.Procedia Engineering,3,15-21.
  20. White, G. F. (1945). Human Adjustment to Floods, Department of geography research no. 29, Chicago: University of Chicago
  21. 內政部(2019):〈合流地名資訊〉,《地名資訊服務網》。http://gn.moi.gov.tw/GeoNames/GNMap/map_Admin/map/MapMain.aspx#。(2019/08/19 瀏覽)【Ministry of the Interior (2019). Heliuof Geographic Names Information. Geographic Names Information System of Taiwan. http://gn.moi.gov.tw/GeoNames/GNMap/map_Admin/map/MapMain.aspx#. (accessed 2019.08.19).】
  22. 王秋原, C. Y.,張長義, C. Y.,姜蘭虹, L. H.(1984)。基隆市山坡地居民對災害調適行為及因應措施之研究。工程環境會刊,5,1-12。
  23. 行政院農業委員會水土保持局(2020a):〈桃市 DF034 土石流潛勢溪流履歷〉,《土石流防災資訊網》。https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Info/DebrisPortfolio?debrisno=%E6%A1%83%E5%B8%82DF034。(2020/05 /12 瀏覽)【Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2020a). Resume of Potential Debris Flow Torrent Taoyuan DF034. Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Information. https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Info/DebrisPortfolio?debrisno=%E6%A1%83%E5%B8%82DF034 . (accessed 2020.05.12).】
  24. 行政院農業委員會水土保持局(2020b):〈桃市 DF053 土石流潛勢溪流履歷〉,《土石流防災資訊網》。https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Info/DebrisPortfolio?debrisno=%E6%A1%83%E5%B8%82DF053 。(2020/05/12 瀏覽)【Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2020b). Resume of Potential Debris Flow Torrent Taoyuan DF053. Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Information. https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Info/DebrisPortfolio?debrisno=%E6%A1%83%E5%B8%82DF053. (accessed 2020.05.12).】
  25. 行政院農業委員會水土保持局(2019):〈108 年土石流警戒基準值明細表〉,《土石流防災資訊網》。https://246.swcb.gov.tw/AllFiles/Download/32/1080528DebrisAlert.pdf。(2019/08/19 瀏覽)【Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2019a). Rainfall Threshold Value for Debris Flow Warning in 2019. Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Information. https://246.swcb.gov.tw/AllFiles/Download/32/1080528DebrisAlert.pdf . (accessed 2019.08.19).】
  26. 行政院農業委員會水土保持局(2015b):〈104 年蘇迪勒颱風重大土砂災例最速報〉,《土石流防災資訊網》。https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Achievement/DisastersContent?EventID=458。(2019/08/19 瀏覽)【Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2015b). The Damage Report on Major Sediment Disasters - Typhoon Soudelor in 2015. Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Information. https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Achievement/DisastersContent?EventID=458 . (accessed 2019.08.19).】
  27. 行政院農業委員會水土保持局(2015a):〈104 年蘇迪勒颱風重大土砂災例最速報〉,《土石流防災資訊網》。https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Achievement/DisastersContent?EventID=459。(2019/08/11 瀏覽)【Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2015a). Major Debris Disaster Cases Express –Typhoon Soudelor, 2015. Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Information. https://246.swcb.gov.tw/Achievement/DisastersContent?EventID=459 . (accessed 2019.08.11).】
  28. 吳劍蘭, C. L.(1987)。居民對環境污染的識覺與調適:臺北市南港內湖地區的研究。師大地理研究報告,13,193-248。
  29. 林俊全 (2012):〈災害識覺〉,《台灣大百科全書》。http://nrch.culture.tw/twpedia.aspx?id=100646。(2020/05/12 瀏覽) 【Lin, J. C. (2012). Disaster Perception. Encyclopedia of Taiwan. http://nrch.culture.tw/twpedia.aspx?id=100646. (accessed 2020.05.12). 】
  30. 林雪美, H. M..,洪政耀, C. Y.(2009)。新竹縣五峰鄉,尖石鄉坡地災害系統與災害識覺關聯之研究。華岡地理學報,24,1-18。
  31. 姜蘭虹, L.H. N,王秋原, C. Y.(1985)。山坡地災害地區居民之環境識覺研究—以基隆市為例。第四次社會科學研究會論文集
  32. 施添福, T. T. F.(1980)。地理學中的人地傳統及其主要的研究主題。國立臺灣師範大學地理學研究報告,6,203-242。
  33. 桃園市政府(2017):〈合流部落重建案永久屋落成〉,《桃園市政府市政新聞》。https://www.tycg.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201708190001&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y。(2018/11/05 瀏覽)【Taoyuan City Government (2017). Completion of Permanent Housing in Heliu Tribe. News. https://www.tycg.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201708190001&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y . (accessed 2019. 11.05).】
  34. 桃園市政府(2017):〈Lcing 部落排水系統及橋梁改善工程完工啟用〉,《桃園市政府市政新聞》。https://www.tycg.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201701170002&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y。(2019/08/19 瀏覽)【Taoyuan City Government (2017). Completion of Drainage System and Bridge Improvement Construction in Lcing. News.https://www.tycg.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201701170002&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y(accessed 2019.08.19).】
  35. 桃園市政府(2015):〈嘎色鬧部落土石流〉,《桃園市政府市政新聞》。https://www.tycg.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201508140005&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y。(2019/08/26 瀏覽)【 Taoyuan City Government (2015). Debris Flow in Ksunu Tribe. News. https://www.tycg.gov.tw/h/home.jsp?id=9&parentpath=0,1&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201508140005&aplistdn=ou=news,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=tycg,c=tw&toolsflag=Y. (accessed 2019.08.26).】
  36. 素伊多夕=Sugiy Tosi(2013)。從語言學角度探討泰雅族部落地名的文化—以桃園縣復興鄉為例。2013 年全國原住民族研究論文發表會
  37. 張志新、王俞婷、傅鏸漩、林又青、張駿暉、劉哲欣、呂喬茵、吳啟瑞、蘇元風(2015):〈2015 年蘇迪勒颱風災害調查彙整報告〉,《國家災害防救科技中心全球災害事件簿》。https://den.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/1132/1188/1204/2082/2091/。(2019/8/10 瀏覽)【Chang, C. H., Wang, Y. T, Fu, H. S., Lin, Y. C., Jang, J. H., Liu, C. H., Lu, C. Y., Wu, C. J., Su, Y. F. (2015). Disaster Report on Typhoon Soudelor of 2015. Global Disaster Event Notebook. https://den.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/media/1024/2015%E5%B9%B4%E8%98%87%E8%BF%AA%E5%8B%92%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8%E7%81%BD%E5%AE%B3%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E5%BD%99%E6%95%B4%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A.pdf . (accessed 2019.08.10).】
  38. 張長義, C. Y.(1977)。環境識覺與自然災害之研究。中國地理學會會刊,5,56-60。
  39. 陳永森, Y. S.(2014)。極端氣候影響下潛在災害區居民環境識覺、調適行為之研究—以八八水災後屏東縣林邊鄉與佳冬鄉為例。環境與世界,28-29,25-53。
  40. 陳向明, X. M.(2017).社會科學質的研究.臺北市=Taipei:五南=Wu-Nan Book Inc..
  41. 陳宜彣, Y. W.(2014)。高雄=Kaohsiung,國立高雄師範大學地理學系=Department of Geography, National Kaohsiung Normal University。
  42. 陳亮全, L. C.,吳杰穎, J. Y, 劉怡君,李宜樺, Y. H.(2007)。土石流潛勢區內居民疏散避難行為與決策之研究─以泰利颱風為例。中華水土保持學報,38(4),325-340。
  43. 曾祥瑜, X. Y..,林貝珊, P. S.(2019)。居民災害識覺與災後復原重建:台中市松鶴部落與雅比斯巷之個案。環境與世界,33,1-21。
  44. 嘎色鬧部落(2015):〈嘎色鬧部落:部落概述〉,《嘎色鬧部落 Ksunu》。http://kasunu.apc.atipd.tw/introduction。(2018/10/28 瀏覽)【Ksunu Tribe (2015). Ksunu Tribe: Introduction to the tribe. http://kasunu.apc.atipd.tw/introduction. (accessed 2018.10.28).】
  45. 劉雅貞, Y. C..,陳紫娥, Z. E.(2008)。從災害識覺觀點看花蓮縣土石流保全戶之疏散配合意願。中華水土保持學報,39(2),125-139。
  46. 魯開元, K. Y.(2005)。花蓮=Hualien,國立東華大學自然資源管理研究所=Department of Natural Resource Management, National Dong Hwa University。
  47. 蘇品如, P. R.,陳棋炫, C. S.(2015)。蘇迪勒颱風在桃園合流部落與嘎色鬧部落的崩塌災害。地質,34(3),22-25。
被引用次数
  1. 柯昭男,林貝珊,王駿逸(2023)。社區防災計畫對居民災害識覺與行為之影響。危機管理學刊,20(2),49-56。
  2. (2023)。鄉村社區中高齡者之脆弱性與臨災行為。社區發展季刊,181,304-315。