論歐洲化課題之各類研究取向及其限制

Europeanization - An Evaluation of Research Approaches

10.7015/JEAS.201106.0393

黃偉峰(David Wei-Feng Huang)

歐洲化 ； 歐洲統合 ； 新制度主義 ； 比較方法 ； 準實驗設計 ； Europeanization ； European integration ； new institutionalism ； comparative methods ； quasi-experimental designs

歐美研究

41卷2期（2011 / 06 / 01）

393 - 463

繁體中文

歐洲化課題自一九九○年代後期便逐漸成為歐洲研究之熱門課題。但「歐洲化」研究的核心爭議依然懸而未決。除了定義概念指涉不明外，因果關係亦尚未釐清。本文從方法論角度切入，檢視目前歐洲化研究中具代表性的研究取向，評估其概念假設、理論建構及經驗分析上的優勢和限制。本文發現既有「歐洲化」研究因著重國內體制與政策之變動，故有偏好新制度主義和比較政治學之嫌。在研究方法上則多採個案性質分析，和有限案例比較方法，鮮少採用量化統計方法去檢證大量經驗資料。然而，隨著案例增加及議題擴散，研究「歐洲化」當務之急則是在實證上釐清其因果關係。而歷史制度主義及動態功能整合模型非常適合被用來分析歐洲化的因果時序及互置現象。

The study of Europeanization has been popular since the late 1990s. However, the core disputes of Europeanization remain unresolved, the definition of the field is much contested, and the causality of the process of Europeanization has not yet been clarified. This paper offers a methodological assessment of typical approaches currently employed in Europeanization studies, examining their merits and limitations based on their conceptualization, hypotheses, theoretical frameworks, and empirical analyses. Because Europeanization focuses on changes (or adaptations) in domestic polity and policy, the author finds that most researchers prefer approaches derived from new institutionalism and comparative politics-indeed, case studies and comparative methods dominate the research field of Europeanization and there have been very few quantitative studies aimed at verifying various causal hypotheses of Europeanization. Indeed, the most urgent research task in the field is to clarify the causal mechanisms of Europeanization. The author suggests that historical institutionalism and a dynamic functional integration model be used to clarify time-sequences and causal reversals of Europeanization.

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