英文摘要
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Kao Pang-lung, an advocator of learning of ”Silence Skill”, was one of the most ootstaoding scholars of Tunglin School in late Ming Dynasty. He carried on Chou Tun-yi's ”Silence Learning” and Yang Shih'n ”Taonan School” to revise Chu Shi's both expressed & unexpressed theories. He believed that learning wouldn't be effectual without practicing of ”Silence”. ”Silence Learning” was said to be the sole approach to regain the ”Nature”, the core of the Sung & Ming Rationalist Scholars' basic tenets. Accordingly, Kao asserted that keeping silent would bring out one's nature, in consequence, the state of silence would be acquired. He also stressed that learning of silence needed to be prudent with actions. As a result, he locked Chou's ”Silence Learning” on the expressed and unexprensed issues in The Doctrine of the Mean.Kao further compared the difference between Yang Shih's ”Kue-Shan-Chi-Chueh” and Chu Shi's ”Respect Theory”. Furthermore, he reverted to Chu's forsaken old ”Neutralism” and traced to Yang's ”Conceiving The Golden Mean” based on Yangming's doctrines. Chu Shi was regarded as the 3rd- generation heir to Taonan School (or the 4th-generation counting in the Two Chen's School). Without contradicting to Chu's conception, Kao brought forward his insight which was a blend of Yang, Lo & Lee's theories and revised Chu's theories reversely.
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