父親缺席－一個男性大學生的經驗

Absent Father-A Male College Student's Experience

10.7060/KNUJ-ES.200806.0001

邱珍琬(Jane Chiu)

缺席父親 ； 大學生 ； 男性 ； absent father ； college student ； male

高雄師大學報：教育與社會科學類

24期（2008 / 06 / 01）

1 - 19

繁體中文

父親缺席可以是實質上的不履行親職，也就是一種「存而不在」。倘若夫妻關係惡劣，所引起的後果將更為嚴重。本研究以一位大學男性對於自己父親的描述與相處經過之故事陳述，探討「心理缺席」父親在一個男性生活與心理的影響。結果顯示：父親的「養家」與「管教」角色太僵化，其親職功能也因此削弱許多，而夫妻關係與親子關係緊緊相連，也牽動整個家庭系統的運作，而夫妻雙方與其原生家庭的「未區分」(in-differentiation)，也就是「界限不明」(enmeshment)也造成家庭成員的困擾與行為問題。

Father's absence is defined as ”parenting absence” as well as a psychological absence. The consequences become even worse amid a tumultuous marital relation. This study is an attempt to investigate the impacts on a male college student whose father is psychologically absent. The results show that The rigid ”competent breadwinner” and ”discipliner” roles which the father defines and stays with are detrimental for the child. Marital relation and parent-child relation are intertwined and critical to the family function. The in-differentiation (or enmeshment) between oneself and the original family members is probably the key to all the problems.

1. 王舒芸、余漢儀(1997)。奶爸難為一雙薪家庭之父職角色初探。婦女與兩性學刊，8，115-149。
   連結：
2. 吳嘉瑜、蔡素妙(2006)。父親派外對家庭的影響－從成年前期學生的回溯經驗中探討。中華輔導學報，19，137-174。
   連結：
3. Ballard, D.(2001).Adolescent health: For girls, having dad around is preventive medicine.Women's Health Weekly,7-8.
4. Beaty, L. A.(1995).Effects of paternal absence on male adolescents` peer relations and self-image.Adolescence,30(120),873-880.
5. Bogaert, A. F.(2005).Age at puberty and father absence in a national probability sample.Journal of Adolescence,28(4),541-546.
6. Bogdan, R. C.,Biklen, S. K.(1992).Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods.Needham Heights, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
7. Boss, P. G.(1980).The relationship of psychological father presence, wife`s personal qualities and wife/family dysfunction in families of missing fathers.Journal of Marriage & the Family,42(3),541-549.
8. Brown-Cheatham, M.(1993).The Rorschach Mutuality of Autonomy Scale in the assessment of black father-absent male children.Journal of Personality Assessment,61(3),524-530.
9. Coles, R. L.(2002).Black single fathers: Choosing to parent full-time.Journal of Contemporary Ethnography,31(4),411-439.
10. Danziger, S. K.,Radin, N.(1990).Absent does not equal uninvolved: Predictors of fathering in teen mother families.Journal of Marriage & Family,52(3),636-642.
11. Dickstein, S.,Parke, R. D.(1988).Social referencing in infancy: A glance at fathers and marriage.Child Development,59,506-511.
12. Filene, P.(1986).Him-her-self: Sex roles in modern American.Baltimore:John Hopkins.
13. Fritsch, T. A.,Burkhead, J. D.(1981).Behavioral reactions of children to parental absence due to imprisonment.Family Relations,30(1),83-88.
14. Hanson, S. M. H.,Bozett, F. W.(1985).Fatherhood: Developmental and contextual perspectives.Dallas, TX:National Council on Family Relations.
15. Krohn, F. B.,Bogan, Z.(2001).The effects absent fathers have ob female development and college attendance.College Student Journal,35(4),598-608.
16. Laidlaw, P. A.(1999).Absent father: African-American adolescent males from urban areas: A different path towards health.Dissertation Abstract International: Section B—Sciences & Engineering,60(5),2348.
17. Lamb, M. E.,Elster, A. B.(1985).Adolescent mother-infant-father relationships.Developmental Psychology,21(5),768-773.
18. Levant, R. F.(1980).A male perspective on parenting and non-parenting.Leipzig, West Germany:International Congress of Psychology.
19. Lowe, W.(2000).Detriangulation of absent fathers in single-parent black families: Techniques of imagery.American Journal of Family Therapy,28(1),29-40.
20. Mandara, J.,Murray, C. B.,Joyner, T. N.(2005).The impact of fathers' absence on African American adolescents` gender role development.Sex Roles,53(3-4),207-220.
21. Parke, R. D.(1981).Fathers.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University.
22. Perkins, R. M.(2001).The father-daughter relationship: Familial interactions that impact a daughter`s style of life.College Student Journal,35(4),616-626.
23. Pollack, W.(1998).Real boys: Rescuing our sons from the myths of boyhood.New York:Random House.
24. Schoen, R.,Astone, N. M.,Rothert, K.,Standish, N. N.(2002).Women's employment, marital happiness, and divorce.Social Forces,81(2),643-662.
25. Shek, D. T. L.(1998).Adolescents' perceptions of paternal and maternal parenting styles in a Chinese context.Journal of Psychology,132(5),527-537.
26. Snarey, J.(1993).How fathers care for the next generation: A four-decade study.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University.
27. Stearns, P. N.(1990).Be a man! Males in modern society.New York:Holmes & Meier.
28. Stern, E. E.(1981).Single mothers` perceptions of the father role and of the effects of father absence on boys.Journal of divorce,4(2),77-84.
29. Stokes, S. B.(2003).Adolescent understanding of father absence: A qualitative inquiry.Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B—Science & Engineering,64(6B),2579.
30. Teachman, J.,Day, R.,Paasch, K.,Carver, K.,Call, V.(1998).Sibling resemblance in behavioral and cognitive outcomes: The role of father presence.Journal of Marriage & the Family,60(4),835-848.
31. Thagaard, T.(1997).Gender, power, and love: A study of interaction between spouses.Acta Sociologica,40(4),357-376.
32. Tripp-Reimer, T.,Wilson, S. E.,F. W. Bozett,S. M. H. Hanson (Eds)(1991).Fatherhood and families in cultural context.New York:Springer.
33. Vaillant, G. E.(1977).Adaptation to life.Boston:Little, Brown.
34. Wark, L.(2000).Young boys with absent fathers: A child-inclusive intervention.Journal of Family Psychotherapy,11(3),63-68.
35. Wright, C.,Busby, D. M.(1997).Relationship satisfaction: Impact and consequences for women`s emotional health and treatment.Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal,19(3),443-460.
36. 王珮玲(1993)。父親角色與兒童發展之探討。教育研究雙月刊，32，52-57。
37. 吳心芝(2003)。國立臺灣師範大學人類發展與家庭研究所碩士論文，未出版。
38. 邱珍琬(2004)。九十三年度師範院校教育論文發表會。屏東:屏東師範學院。
39. 洪雅真(1990)。國立嘉義師範學院家庭教育研究所碩士論文，未出版。
40. 徐麗賢(2005)。2004兩岸家庭教育學術研討會論文「廿一世紀的親職教育」。嘉義:嘉義大學。
41. 陳信昭、崔秀倩譯(2002)。「渴望父愛」－失去父親及其影響。台北:五南。
42. 陳淑芬、李從業(1998)。產後初期父子依戀行為及其相關因素探討。護理研究，6(3)，246-258。
43. 黃富源、鄧煌發(1998)。單親家庭與少年非行之探討。警學叢刊，29(3)，117-152。
44. 葉光輝、林延叡、王維敏、林倩如(2006)。父女關係與渴望父愛情結。教育與心理研究，29(1)，93-193。

1. 蕭湘鳳(2012)。蘇偉貞〈以上情節……〉之電影鏡頭內外書寫。臺北大學中文學報，12，121-134。