具短衡程阻尼器之調諧質量阻尼器研究

Study on Short-Stroke Damper Assembled in Tuned Mass Damper

10.6849/SE.201806_33(2).0003

賴勇安(Yong-An Lai)；孟繁嫣(Fan-Yen Meng)；連冠華(Kuan-Hua Lien)；鍾立來(Lap-Loi Chung)

調諧質量阻尼器 ； 短衝程阻尼器 ； 最佳化設計 ； 阻尼器衝程 ； tuned mass damper ； short-stroke damper ； optimal design ； damper stroke

結構工程

33卷2期（2018 / 06 / 01）

43 - 68

繁體中文

現有調諧質量阻尼器之機構模型，裝設之阻尼器與質量塊的衝程相同，因此為配合質量塊衝程，常需選用較長衝程之阻尼器。長衝程之阻尼器，在製造上須預留相當伸縮之空間予阻尼器，因此阻尼器本身相當龐大，裝設不易，且長衝程阻尼器磨耗較高，於製造上需要較高的精度與油封技術，使其造價及維護費用較高。有鑒於此，本研究針對單純降低調諧質量阻尼器之阻尼器衝程，提出「具短衝程阻尼器之調諧質量阻尼器(Short-Stroke Damper assembled in Tuned Mass Damper, SSD-TMD)」，並介紹其可行之機構。SSD-TMD的機構特徵為，將傳統調諧質量阻尼器之彈簧元 件分成兩段，使阻尼元件與第一段之彈簧元件並聯後，再與第二段彈簧元件串聯相接質量塊。由於阻尼器衝程與質量塊衝程並不相同，能經由適當設計大幅降低阻尼器之衝程，以避免使用長衝程之阻尼器，且不降低其減振效果。為使短衝程阻尼器消散與長衝程阻尼器等量之能量，因此短衝程阻尼器選用之阻尼係數較高，以提供較大之阻尼力。本文提出之SSD-TMD可行機構之詳細解說，並以傳統調諧質量阻尼器之最佳化設計參數為輔，提出SSD-TMD之最佳化設計公式及設計流程，供工程師初步設計時參考。由台北101結構案例分析結果顯示，不論頻率反應函數或是風力歷時模擬，SSD-TMD皆能有效大幅降低阻尼器衝程，因而使用短衝程阻尼器即可；且如適當選取SSD-TMD二段彈簧元件之勁度比值，其減振效果及質量塊衝程都可略優於傳統調諧質量阻尼器。

In the conventional tuned mass damper (TMD), the damper stroke and the mass stroke must be the same, thus the long-stroke dampers are required for implementation in TMD. In addition, a considerable size and higher precision for manufacture of long-stroke damper majorly cause expensive budget for installation and maintenance of the TMD. According to the above features, the ＂Short-Stroke Damper assembled in Tuned Mass Damper (SSD-TMD)＂ is proposed in order to reduce the damper stroke in the TMD. In the SSD-TMD, the stiffness of SSD-TMD is separated into two parts. The first part is connected with the viscous damper in parallel. Then, the paralleled system is connected with the stiffness of the second part in series. Afterwards, the mass block is further attached to form the SSD-TMD. This assemblage will produce different strokes between the damper and the mass so that the damper stroke can be significantly mitigated under appropriate design of the stiffnesses and damping coefficient. In this article, the model of the SSD-TMD is firstly proposed. The design formulae and procedure of the SSD-TMD is also proposed by following the optimal design parameters for conventional TMD. The case study of the Taipei 101 structure implemented with the SSD-TMD shows that the damper stroke of the SSD-TMD can be dramatically reduced, so that the short-stroke dampers can be used to replace the long-stroke dampers. Furthermore, with suitable design of the SSD-TMD, both effectiveness of structural vibration reduction and mass stroke of the SSD-TMD can outperform the conventional TMD.

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