地震超材料的隔減震技術

A Review of Seismic Metamaterials for Seismic Protection

10.6849/SE.202209_37(3).0004

蘇于琪；汪向榮；張文忠；林子剛；林正洪；吳東諭；張國鎮；陳東陽

地震超材料 ； 地震波 ； 局部共振 ； 週期性結構 ； 波動力學 ； seismic metamaterial ； seismic waves ； local resonance ； periodic structure ； wave propagation

結構工程

37卷3期（2022 / 09 / 01）

66 - 80

繁體中文

地震工程發展日新月異，然而目前許多有效的隔減震技術，如加強結構本身的強度與韌性、於結構底部安裝隔震系統、利用消能元件吸收地震能量等，皆僅針對單一結構進行嵌入式安裝，這對於老舊且急需耐震補強建築繁多的臺灣，可能無法兼顧合理成本與時間效益的考量。近五年全球開始發展以波傳與複合材料角度切入的地震超材料研究，其不直接接觸結構物本體，轉而思考於保護區域外圍建立屏障，使特定頻段的地震波產生衰減或轉向，進而有效保護既有且大範圍的社區。考慮臺灣地震頻繁、老舊大樓及基礎設施眾多，以及缺乏地震超材料的本土性相關研究，本文通訊作者組成跨領域研究團隊，並於2021年起在科技部補助下開始執行三年期整合型計畫「地震超材料結構的隔減振屏蔽：理論架構、數值模擬及實驗」。本文除回顧國外地震超材料之研究發展外，亦簡介整合型計畫的前期研究與整合現況，並提出未來可能的發展方向與策略，以期提供工程與研究人員關於隔減震的另一思維。

Current seismic-resistant technologies include enhancement of structural strength and ductility, application of isolation systems, and adoption of energy dissipation devises. These approaches target a single building and integrate isolation and damping devices. In the area with significant numbers of aging buildings like Taiwan, retrofitting existing infrastructure with traditional methods may not be a pragmatic solution. Seismic metamaterials have emerged as a state-of-the-art research topic in the last decade. They block or deflect waves by forming a seismic shield outside the area around existing structures without direct contact with the actual buildings. The seismic metamaterials are able to complement the techniques used in current earthquake engineering; however, domestic study on this subject is limited. Therefore, Professor Tungyang Chen assembled an interdisciplinary team to conduct the 3-year integrated project titled ＂Seismic Metamaterials towards Cloaking Earthquakes: Theoretical Framework, Numerical Modelling and Experimental Verifications＂, under the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan since 2021. This review article includes literature review on seismic metamaterials, current progress in Taiwan, and future work. The study introduces the insights of seismic metamaterials for engineers and researchers, and aims to provide alternatives from seismic isolation and energy dissipation.

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