應用集中塑性模型於鋼筋混凝土結構非線性動態行為之研究

A Study on Nonlinear Dynamic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Structures using Concentrated Plasticity Model

10.6849/SE.202303_38(1).0004

蕭輔沛(Fu-Pei Hsiao)；盧煉元(Lyan-Ywan Lu)；黃炫文(Hsuan-Wen Huang)；鄭弘(Hung Cheng)

集中塑性模型 ； RC非線性 ； 振動台實驗 ； TEASDA ； ASCE 41 ； ETABS ； OpenSees ； ModIMK ； concentrated plasticity model ； nonlinear RC ； shaking table test ； TEASDA ； ASCE 41 ； ETABS ； OpenSees ； ModIMK

結構工程

38卷1期（2023 / 03 / 01）

85 - 117

繁體中文;英文

近年來國內所發生之重大地震皆造成中高樓鋼筋混凝土建物倒塌，進而導致重大人員傷亡及財產上嚴重的損失，包含南投集集921大地震、0206高雄美濃大地震及0206花蓮大地震。有鑑於此，準確模擬中高樓鋼筋混凝土建物於地震力作用下之非線性結構反應，對於鋼筋混凝土結構之耐震研究是相當重要的課題。本文擬藉由商用軟體ETABS及美國加州柏克萊大學所開發之開放式有限元素軟體OpenSees分別建立不同塑鉸之七層樓鋼筋混凝土構架模型，以探討不同塑鉸之設定對於非線性動力歷時分析結果的影響。接著再根據七層樓鋼筋混凝土構架之振動台實驗結果，驗證何種塑鉸分析結果較接近真實結構反應，期能提供工程界於塑鉸設定方面之依據。再者，由於ETABS為商用軟體，其應用上較為受限，使用者無法自行加入新開發之材料及元素或與實驗控制系統連接進行實驗，因此本文提出將ETABS模型等效轉換至開放式有限元素軟體OpenSees之方式，期能使研究者藉由ETABS為輔助建立等效之OpenSees模型，以運用OpenSees開放式軟體之特性進行分析。根據本文研究結果顯示，以ETABS建立由國家地震工程研究中心所開發之TEASDA塑鉸且配合Pivot遲滯模型之設定，其分析結果與七層樓鋼筋混凝土構架之振動台實驗結果最為接近。此外，根據各不同塑鉸分析結果顯示，塑鉸設定之遲滯模型不同對於分析結果影響有限，而塑鉸設定之背骨曲線不同對於分析結果才會有所影響。最後由ETABS塑鉸及OpenSees塑鉸分析比較之結果可知，本文成功驗證以ETABS模型等效轉換為OpenSees模型方式之正確性。

In recent years, some strong earthquakes, including the 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake, the 0206 Meinong Earthquake, and the 0206 Hualien Earthquake, have caused the collapse of med-to-high rise reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, and resulted in heavy casualties and severe property losses. Because of this, it is crucial to perform accurate numerical simulation for the nonlinear structural response of med-to-high rise RC buildings. This paper establishes a 7-story RC frame model with different plastic hinges using the commercial software ETABS and the open-source finite element software OpenSees developed by the University of California at Berkeley, USA. The effect of different plastic hinge settings on nonlinear time history analysis of the RC building is explored in this study. Then, based on the shaking table test results of the 7-story RC building, it is judged which plastic hinge analysis results are closer to the experimental structural response. Furthermore, since ETABS is a commercial software, its extensibility is relatively limited. In other words, users cannot add newly developed materials and elements to ETABS, nor connect ETABS with the experimental control system to conduct experiments. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to convert an ETABS model to a OpenSees model. This method will enable researchers to establish the plastic hinges for an equivalent OpenSees model with the help of ETABS, and to take the openness advantage of OpenSees software for analysis. The result of this study shows that, among the various plastic hinge models, the TEASDA plastic hinge developed by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE, Taipei) with the Pivot hysteresis model yields the most consistent result with that of the shaking-table test. In addition, based on the simulated results of various plastic hinges, the influence of using different hysteresis models for the plastic hinges on the analysis result is limited, while using different backbone curves for the plastic hinges has more influence on the simulated result. Finally, the comparison between the simulated results of the ETABS and OpenSees plastic hinges verifies the correctness of the proposed method of conversion from the ETABS model to the OpenSees model.

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