電磁式可變阻尼隔震系統之研發

Development of Electromagnetic Variable Damping Seismic Isolation System

10.6849/SE.202409_39(3).0001

林錦隆(Ging-Long Lin)；黃譯醇(Yi-Chun Huang)；張名斌(Ming-Bin Chang)

電磁阻尼 ； 可變阻尼 ； 半主動控制 ； 隔震技術 ； 近斷層震波 ； 振動台試驗 ； electromagnetic damping ； variable damping ； semi-active control ； seismic isolation ； near-fault earthquake ； shaking table test

結構工程

39卷3期（2024 / 09 / 01）

1 - 24

繁體中文;英文

本研究旨在發展電磁式可變阻尼隔震系統（electromagnetic variable-damping seismic isolation system, EM-VDSIS），於滑動隔震系統中加入可變電磁式阻尼器，使隔震系統之阻尼比為可控制之參數，可依照自行定義的控制律即時變化，提升隔震效益。本研究首先介紹EM-VDSIS的運作原理，並藉由機構之力學行為建構數學模型，推導其運動方程式與數值模擬方法，隨後以數值模擬方式，驗證EM-VDSIS之可變阻尼功能，具備能同時滿足近、遠域震波之隔震需求的潛力。在機構之實現方面，本研究首先設計製作第I代EM-VDSIS，並利用電子負載機提供可控制之電阻，進而改變隔震系統之阻尼比。不過，由於電子負載機無法達到理想控制電磁阻尼的效果。因此，本研究設計製作第II代EM-VDSIS，除提升電磁阻尼器的功率外，並改用機械式可變電阻機構提供可控制之電阻值。EM-VDSIS（II）之開迴路控制振動台實驗結果顯示，機械式可變電阻機構可依控制命令，即時改變隔震系統之阻尼比。另外，隔震系統之理論分析結果與實驗動態反應相符，證實本研究之理論模型與相關公式之正確性。

This study aims to develop an electromagnetic variable-damping seismic isolation system (EM-VDSIS), which incorporates a variable electromagnetic damper into a sliding isolation system. This allows the damping ratio of the EM-VDSIS to be a controllable parameter that can change in real-time according to a defined control law, enhancing the effectiveness of seismic isolation. The principle of the EM-VDSIS is first introduced in this study, and a mathematical model is constructed based on the mechanical behavior of the EM-VDSIS to derive its equations of motion and numerical simulation methods. Subsequently, numerical simulations are used to verify the variable damping function of the EM-VDSIS, with the potential to meet the seismic isolation requirements of both near-field and far-field ground motions. In terms of implementation, the EM-VDSIS (I) was first designed and manufactured, with a controllable resistance provided by an electronic load machine to alter the damping ratio of the isolation system. However, the electronic load machine fails to achieve ideal control of electromagnetic damping. Therefore, the EM-VDSIS (II) upgraded the power of the electromagnetic damper and used a mechanical variable resistor mechanism to provide controllable resistance values. The results of open-loop control with EM-VDSIS (II) using a shaking table demonstrate that the mechanical variable resistor mechanism can change the damping ratio of the isolation system in real-time according to control commands. Additionally, the theoretical analysis of the isolation system matches the experimental dynamic responses, confirming the accuracy of the theoretical model and related formulas in this study.