結合強震預警與半主動滾動隔震支承之研發與試驗驗證

Semi-Active Sloped Rolling-Type Isolators Based on Earthquake Early Warning Techniques

10.6849/SE.202409_39(3).0002

莊子霆(Zi-Ting Chuang)；黃謝恭(Shieh-Kung Huang)；許丁友(Ting-Yu Hsu)；汪向榮(Shiang-Jung Wang)

斜面式滾動隔震支承 ； 半主動控制 ； 強震預警 ； 磁流變阻尼器 ； slope rolling-type seismic isolators ； semi-active control ； earthquake early warning ； magnetorheological damper

結構工程

39卷3期（2024 / 09 / 01）

25 - 42

繁體中文;英文

以往的被動式滾動隔震支承，一旦設計製作安裝至現場，則其參數已經固定不變，對於一般遠域地震波時，可有效控制受保護物體的最大加速度反應於一定範圍內。但是，當受到具有速度脈衝的近斷層地震波時，則其位移反應可能超出限制而發生碰撞。因此本研究開發結合強震預警技術之半主動滾動隔震支承，將斜面式滾動隔震支承（sloped rolling-type seismic isolation bearing, SRI）結合磁流變阻尼器（magnetorheological damper, MR Damper），並發展可根據初達波特徵推估最大地表速度（peak ground velocity, PGV）的卷積神經網路預測模型，建立根據PGV及控制MR Damper所需電壓的控制律，當量測到初達波到達後前幾秒資訊，即可根據模型預測該地震之PGV，並根據控制律得到該次地震下MR Damper所需之電壓，將電壓輸入控制系統使SRI之位移反應控制在門檻值之下，以在強震波來臨前調整滾動隔震支承之阻尼力，使其在一般地震波作用下發揮SRI控制上傳加速度之功能，且其最大位移反應於具有速度脈衝的近斷層地震波作用下仍不至於超出門檻值。本研究將所開發之半主動滾動隔震支承架設於振動台上進行試驗驗證其可行性，由結果可知，所開發之半主動隔震支承能有效發揮其預想之功能。

Passive rolling seismic isolators, once designed, manufactured, and installed on-site, have fixed parameters. They can effectively control the maximum acceleration response of the protected object within a certain range when subjected to typical far-field seismic waves, showing remarkable performance. However, when subjected to near-fault seismic waves with velocity pulses, their displacement response may exceed the limits, leading to collisions and damage to the protected object. Therefore, this study proposes the development of a semi-active rolling seismic isolator that integrates sloped rolling-type isolators (SRI) with magnetorheological dampers (MR Dampers) and utilizes earthquake early warning technology. This research involves the development of a convolutional neural network (CNN) prediction model to estimate the peak ground velocity (PGV) based on the characteristics of the initial arriving wave. Additionally, control laws are established to determine the required voltage for the MR Damper based on the predicted PGV. By measuring the initial wave arrival information, the system can predict the PGV using the CNN model and apply the control laws to obtain the required voltage for the MR Damper. This enables the adjusting the damping force of the rolling seismic isolator to prevent its displacement response from exceeding the limits during near-fault strong motions with velocity pulses. The feasibility of this proposed approach is verified through experimental tests of a SRI system. The experimental results demonstrate that this system effectively limits the displacement of SRI below the threshold value, validating the concept and feasibility of the proposed method.