制度環境、任務環境、組織型態與協調機制－越南台商的實證研究

Institutional Environment, Task Environment, Governance Structure and Coordination Mechanisms: Taiwanese Firms in Vietnam

10.6656/MR.2001.20.3.CHI.123

莊正民(Cheng-Min Chuang)；朱文儀(Wen-Yi Chu)；黃延聰(Yen-Tsung Huang)

台商企業 ； 制度理論 ； 交易成本 ； 資源依賴 ； 社會網絡 ； 組織型態 ； 協調機制 ； Taiwanese Firms ； Institutional Theory ； Transaction Cost ； Resource Dependence ； Social Network ； Governance Structure ； Coordination Mechanisms

管理評論

20卷3期（2001 / 07 / 01）

123 - 151

繁體中文

在研究華人／台商企業的現有文獻中，主要的理論基礎可分為兩大方面：強調總體制度環境的制度理論，以及強調個體任務環境的資源依賴、交易成本，以及社會網絡理論。本研究整合上述四個觀點，以個案研究方法實地訪談七個越南台商企業，並提出研究命題，以探討越南台商的組織型態與協調機制，如何受到上述四個因素的影響。研究結果指出，台商在越南的所有權安排、垂直整合程度，以及內外部的管理協調機制，除了受到越南當地制度環境，包括法令的強制同形、社會的規範同形、及文化認知的模仿同形的影響之外，也會隨著台商個體所面對的任務環境特質－台商與當地間資源依賴程度、交易成本因素、及社會鑲嵌程度，而加以調整。

Since the late 1980s Taiwanese firms have invested heavily in Southeast Asian countries. However, despite their increasing regional and global significance, studies on the government structures and coordination mechanisms of overseas Taiwanese firms are limited. Scholars have employed four streams of literature, focusing on the institutional environment and task environment, to study these issues: (a) institutional theory, (b) resource dependency theory, (c) transaction cost theory, and (d) social network theory. Different perspectives base on different premises and generate different implications to firms. The purpose of this research is to develop a synthesis framework by integrating these four theoretical perspectives. Through case studies and in-depth field interviews, propositions are developed to better understand the rationales behind the choices of governance structure and coordination mechanisms of Taiwanese firms in Vietnam.

1. Bradach, J. L.,Eccles, R. G.(1989).Price, authority and trust: From ideal types to plural forms.Annual Reviews of Sociology,15
2. DiMaggio, P. J.,Powell, W. W.(1983).The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields.American Sociological Review,48
3. DiMaggio, P. J.,Powell, W. W.(1991).The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
4. Doz, Y. L.,Prahalad, C. K.(1994).Fundamental Issues in Strategy.Cambridge, MA:Harvard Business School Press.
5. Eisenhardt, K. M.(1989).Building Theories From Case Study Research.Academy of Management Review,14(4)
6. Granovetter, M.(1992).Networks, and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action.Boston, MA:Harvard Business School Press.
7. Granovetter, M. S.(1985).Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness.American Journal of Sociology,91(3)
8. Hamilton, G. G.,高承恕 Kao, Cheng-Shu(1990).The Institutional Foundations of Chinese Business.Comparative Social Research,12
9. Hamilton, Gary G.,Biggart, Nicole Woolsey(1988).Market, culture and authority: a comparative analysis of management and organization in the Far East.American Journal of Sociology,94(supplement)
10. Hennart, J. F.(1993).Explaining the Swollen Middle: Why Most Transactions Are a Mix of Market and Hierarchy.Organization Science,4(4)
11. Hrebiniak, L.,Joyce, W.,Snow, C.(1988).Strategy, Organization Design, and Human Resource Management.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.
12. Jones, C.,Hesterly, W. S.,Borgatti, S. P.(1997).A general theory of network governance: Exchange conditions and social mechanisms.Academy of Management Review,22(4)
13. Kao, C. -S.(1996).Asian Business Networks.New York:de Gruyter.
14. MacNeil, I. R.(1978).Contracts: Adjustments of Long-Term Economic Relations Under Classical, Neoclassical and Relational Contract Law.Northwestern University Law Review,72(6)
15. Merriam, S. B.(1988).Case Study Research in Education: A Qualitative Approach.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass Publishers.
16. Oliver, C.(1991).Strategic Response to Institutional Process.Academy of Management Review,16(1)
17. Orru, M.,Biggart, N. W.,Hamilton, G. G.(1991).The new institutionalism in organizational analysis.Chicago, IL:University of Chicago Press.
18. Ouchi, W. G.(1980).Markets, Bureaucracies, and Clans.Administrative Science Quarterly,25(1)
19. Ouchi, W. G.(1979).A Conceptual Framework for the Design of Organizational Control Mechanism.Management Science,25(9)
20. Pfeffer, J. M.,Salancik, G. R.(1978).The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective.New York:Harper and Row, Publishers.
21. Pfeffer, T. J.(1987).Intercorporate Relations: the structural analysis of business.New York:Harper ＆ Row.
22. Podolny, J. M.,Page, K. L.(1998).Network Forms of Organization.Annual Review of Sociology,24
23. Powell, W. W.(1990).Neither Market Nor Hierarchy: Network Forms of Organization.Research in Organizational Behavior,12
24. Redding, S. G.(1996).Asian Business Networks.New York:de Gruyter.
25. Redding, S. G.,Whitley, R. D.(1990).Capitalism in Contrasting Cultures.Berlin:Walter de Gruyter.
26. Rindfleisch, A.,Heide, J. B.(1997).Transaction Cost Analysis: Past, Present, and Future Applications.Journal of Marketing,61(4)
27. Ring, P. S.,Van de Ven, A. H.(1992).Structuring Cooperative Relationships between Organizations.Strategic Management Journal,13(7)
28. Rumelt, R. P.,Schendel, D.,Teece, D. J.(1991).Strategic Management and Economics.Strategic Management Journal,12
29. Scott, W. R.(1994).Institutional Environments and Organizations: Structural Complexity and Individualism.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
30. Scott, W. R.(1998).Organizations: Rational, Nature, and Open Systems.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall.
31. Whitley, R. D.(1994).Dominant Forms of Economic Organization in Market Economies.Organization Studies,15
32. Whitley, R. D.(1990).Eastern Asian Enterprise Structures and the Comparative Analysis of Forms of Business Organizations.Organization Studies,11
33. Williamson, O. E.(1979).Transaction Cost Economics: The Governance of Contractual Relations.Journal of Law and Economics,22(2)
34. Williamson, O. E.(1981).The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach.American Journal of Sociology,87(3)
35. Williamson, O. E.(1985).The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, Relational Contracting.New York:The Free Press.
36. Williamson, O. E.(1991).Comparative Economic Organization: The Analysis of Discrete Structural Alternatives.Administrative Science Quarterly,36
37. Williamson, O. E.(1975).Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications: A Study in the Economics of Internal Organization.New York:The Free Press.
38. Williamson, O. E.(1999).Strategy Research: Governance and Competence Perspectives.Strategic Management Journal,20
39. Wong, S. -L.(1996).Asian Business Networks.New York:de Gruyter.
40. Yin, R. K.(1984).Case Study Research: Design and Methods.Beverly Hills, CA:Sage Publications.
41. Zaheer, A.,Venkatraman, N.(1995).Relational Governance as an Interorganizational Strategy: An Empirical Test of the Role of Trust in Economic Exchange.Strategic Management Journal,16
42. 唐文慧 Tang, Anna Wen-Hui、鄒秀明(1999)。1999年台灣的東南亞區域研究年度研討會。
43. 陳介玄 Chen, Chieh-Hsuan(1994)。協力網絡與生活結構：台灣中小企業的社會經濟分析 Cooperative Networks and Life Structure。台北:聯經出版事業公司。
44. 陳添枝 Chen, Tain-Jy(1998).Taiwanese Firms in Southeast Asia: Networking Across Borders.U. K. and Northampton, Mass:Edward Elgar.
45. 越南臺灣商會聯合總會(1999)。一九九九年投資廠商名錄。台北:越南台商總會台北辦事處。
46. 蕭新煌 Hsiao, Michael Hsin-Hung、龔宜君 Kung, I Chun(1998)。東南亞台商與華人之商業網絡關係。台北:中央研究院。

1. Weng, Liang-Chieh,Lai, Yi-Chu,Ho, Hsiao-Hui,Chang, Wen-Ching(2008).The Transfer of Human Resource Management Practices within MNC Subsidiaries: the Case of Taiwan and China.企業管理學報,79,81-124.
2. 陳銘薰、洪正明(2006)。社會鑲嵌與技術創新之關係研究—以專屬資產爲調節變數。企業管理學報，71，106-139。
3. 何雍慶、方慧臻(2007)。以資源基礎理論與體制理論觀點探討台灣壽險業新產品進入市場順序之研究。企業管理學報，73，95-124。
4. 廖采如、于卓民(2005)。影響子公司控制機制選擇之研究—以台灣企業為例。交大管理學報，25(2)，27-56。
5. 劉子歆(2009)。逆轉中國大陸國家制度螺旋：一個單一個案研究。管理評論，28(4)，69-90。
6. (2007)。董監事結構、董監事連結與經營績效之關係研究。商管科技季刊，8(2)，175-198。