英文摘要
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This paper examines a salient example of medical policies in Cold War period Asia-the population control program in Taiwan. Influenced by America, Taiwan was singled out by policy experts as the successful story among East Asian countries attempting family planning. However, unlike those non-historical approaches, this paper places this topic within social and historical context, examining the rhetoric and reality of the population control program in 1960s Taiwan.
My argument addresses the following: 1. Pressured by the US, the Taiwanese government ignored the difference between the ideologies behind ”individual birth control” and ”national population control. ” Thus was accepted the US' suggestion that the over-growth of population was the most important concern of Taiwan seeking more rapid economic development-besides, the enforced control of the number of new births was the only way to solve the problem. 2. Furthermore, because of the limited health budget, the US, rather than the Taiwanese government, determined the medical policies in Taiwan. Thus, population control became a medical concern in the rhetoric of the Taiwanese health department; forced upon the people, this birth control program was practiced under the name of family planning. 3.In doing so, the health officers used IUDs and implanted them in Taiwanese women's bodies, claiming them to be the best choice for women to avoid unnecessary pregnancies and the best tool for the state to control new births. In the meantime, because of IUDs' severe side effects, some women refused to use them, but had no chance to speak out directly in public.
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