英文摘要
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Based on environmental discourse analysis, this paper attempts to interpret a series of environmental practices carried out by Dharma Drum Mountain, a rapidly developing Buddhist organization in Taiwan since 1990s. It indicates that the organization's actions reflect a process of social-cultural transformation of Taiwan society since the lift of martial law in 1987 and Taiwanese Buddhist modernization as well. Besides, it shows that the dominant global environmental discourse towards religions tends to be stereotypical so that it cannot comprehend the dynamic process of religious people's participation in environmental issues in different social contexts.
The paper is divided into three parts. Firstly, the paper reviews the relationship between environmental consciousness and globality, particularly taking global religious environmental issues as a case to highlight their constraints. Secondly, the methodology of environmental discourse analysis is briefly introduced. M. Hajer, an environmental politics scholar's analytical concepts: ”storylines” and ”discursive coalition” are employed. Based on his analytical framework, the power of social transformation, metaphoric and heterogeneous nature of discourse, and the practice of discourse subject are emphasized. Thirdly, Dharma Drum Mountain's (DDM) Huan-Bao discourse in 1990s is employed as a case study to illustrate different social meanings of environmental practices during the past 20 years. Furthermore, it is emphasized that DDM's environmental discourse is a social process of how Taiwanese Buddhists seek their collective social identities and practice their religious belief. It's worthy noting that the trend of religious practice is not only led by religious master, but also very much in line with lay Buddhists' positive attitudes and the demand from Taiwan society.
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