英文摘要
|
This article explores how the reincarnation of traumatic sites as memorial landscapes, which are expected to represent justice during democratization, might be the results of city marketing strategies conducted in the name of human rights and culture, such as heritagization, landscape-making, and recreationalization. The perspectives of cultural governance, cultural economy, and critical heritage studies are adopted as the analytical frameworks for understanding the two cases of Gwangju in South Korea and Kaohsiung in Taiwan, both of which are non-capitals with a history of resistance. The article discusses the respective transformation of their dark memories by shedding light on how their strategies differ according to specific urban agendas and on how the inherent tension is hence evoked in either case. It is argued that the reshaping of traumatic sites into landscapes of human rights embodies the complicated political and economic contestations between the central and local governments. In both cases, the tensions are made clear through the mechanism of cultural reincarnation, which involves local identification, urban revitalization, and regional counterbalance. Situated in the agricultural area, Gwangju appeals to the heritagization of dark memories and cultural economy more than the harbor city of Kaohsiung; the latter, in contrast, is more intent on building imposing cultural venues and thereby renders the landscape of dark memories and human rights rather decorative. Despite these differences, however, the memorial landscapes reshaped through cultural reincarnation in both cities still materializes and symbolizes historic traumas. While alienated spectacles are thus reassembled, the justice needed for successful social transformation might also be covered up.
|
参考文献
|
-
王志弘(2003)。台北市文化治理的性質與轉變,1967-2002。台灣社會研究季刊,52,121-86。
連結:
-
王志弘(2014)。文化治理的內蘊衝突與政治折衝。思與言:人文與社會科學雜誌,52(4),65-109。
連結:
-
王綺年(2012)。地域權力的空間化:以南韓區域發展為例。都市與計劃,39(2),177-198。
連結:
-
吳乃德(2000)。人的精神理念在歷史變革中的作用:美麗島事件和台灣民主化。台灣政治學刊,4,57-103。
連結:
-
曹欽榮(2012)。紀念博物館在轉型正義中之角色。國立臺灣博物館學刊,65(1),45-65。
連結:
-
陳佳利(2007)。創傷、博物館與集體記憶之建構。台灣社會研究季刊,66,105-143。
連結:
-
鄭明德(2014)。「第四黨」:1978年「台灣黨外人士助選團」的形成與意義。臺北城市科技大學通識學報,3,217-238。
連結:
-
光州廣域市政府。2014a。〈光州統計〉。(上網日期:2015 年11 月24 日)。
-
光州廣域市政府。2014b。〈關於光州〉。(上網日期:2016 年9 月28 日)。
-
楊燈發。(2005 年9 月13日)。〈高市議員再爆高捷內幕,車站公共藝術黑箱作業〉。《中央日報》,13 版。
-
高雄捷運。2011。〈特殊藝術車站〉。《高雄捷運》。(上網日期:2016 年9 月29 日)。
-
Meet the mayor of Gwangju. 2011. Gwangju News. Retrieved 2 October 2016. .
-
Cha, H. J. 2013. Amid controversy over Kyohak's history textbook, increasing voices are pushing to kick it out. Retrieved 2 October 2016. .
-
Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. 2005. Asian Culture Complex. Retrieved 22 November 2015 .
-
李福忠。(2008 年3 月31日)。〈光之穹頂照亮高雄捷運,被譽為最具代表性公共藝術作品,4 月6 日前電話預約報名參觀〉。《經濟日報》,E9版。
-
何沛霖。(2008年3月8日)。〈高捷明通車,免費搭乘一個月〉。《中國時報》,A10版。
-
周昭平。(2005 年9 月23日)。〈高捷公共藝術挨批違約執行,議員要求自行埋單〉。《蘋果日報》,A14版。
-
高雄市人權學堂網站。2015。〈高雄市人權學堂的二三事〉。《高雄市人權學堂》。(上網日期:2017 年8 月22 日)。
-
邱英明。(2005 年9 月15日)。〈捷運站公共藝術費,分配大小眼1 億8000萬元經費,高縣5站分不到1000萬元。縣長指高捷「歧視」促文化局和觀交局據理力爭〉。《聯合報》,C2版。
-
Arendt, H.(Ed.)(1969).Illuminations.New York:Schocken Books.
-
Baird, M. F.(2014).Heritage, human rights, and social justice.Heritage and Society,7(2),139-155.
-
Corsane, G.(Ed.)(2005).Heritage, museums and galleries: An introductory reader.London:Routledge.
-
Edwards, J. A.,i Coit, J. C. L.(1996).Mines and quarries: Industrial heritage tourism.Annals of Tourism Research,23(2),341-363.
-
Fairclough, G.(Ed.)(2008).The heritage reader.London:Routledge.
-
Foley, M.,Lennon, J.(2000).Dark tourism: The attraction of death and disaster.London:Continuum.
-
Frost, W.(2002).The financial viability of heritage tourism attractions: Three cases from rural Australia.Tourism Review International,7(1),13-22.
-
Giove, S.,Rosato, P.,Breil, M.(2006).An application of multicriteria decision making to built heritage. The redevelopment of Venice Arsenale.Multi-criteria Decision Analysis,17(3-4),35-99.
-
Harrison, R.(Ed.)(2010).Understanding the politics of heritage.Manchester:Manchester University Press.
-
Howard, P.(2003).Heritage: Management, interpretation, identity.New York:A&C Black.
-
Knox, D.(2006).The sacralised landscapes of Glencoe: From massacre to mass tourism, and back again.International Journal of Tourism Research,8,185-197.
-
Koo, H.(2001).Korean workers: The culture and politics of class formation.Ithaca:Cornell University Press.
-
Kurki, M.(2011).Governmentality and EU democracy promotion: The European instrument for democracy and human rights and the construction of democratic civil societies.International Political Sociology,5(4),349-366.
-
Lee, K. S.(2007).Questioning a neoliberal urban regeneration policy: The rhetoric of "Cities of Culture" and the city of Gwangju, Korea.International Journal of Cultural Policy,13(4),335-347.
-
Lees, L.,Melhuish, C.(2015).Arts-led regeneration in the UK: The rhetoric and the evidence on urban social inclusion.European Urban and Regional Studies,22(3),242-260.
-
Lehrer, E.(2010).Can there be a conciliatory heritage?.International Journal of Heritage Studies,16(4-5),269-288.
-
Li, L. H.,Gan, L.(2013).Conserving the heritage in Chongqing by market forces: The feasibility of adopting TDR in China.Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development,3(1),18-34.
-
Logan, W.(Ed.),Reeves, K.(Ed.)(2008).Places of pain and shame: Dealing with difficult heritage.London:Routledge.
-
McCann, E.(Ed.),Ward, K.(Ed.)(2011).Mobile urbanism: Cities and policymaking in the global age.Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press.
-
Meskell, L.,Scheermeyer, C.(2008).Heritage as therapy set pieces from the new South Africa.Journal of Material Culture,13(2),153-173.
-
Pratt, A. C.(2009).Urban regeneration: From the arts "feel good" factor to the cultural economy: A case study of Hoxton, London.Urban Studies,46(5-6),1041-1061.
-
Rowlands, M.(2008).Civilization, violence and heritage healing in Liberia.Journal of Material Culture,13(2),135-152.
-
Seaton A. V.(1996).Guided by the dark: From thanatopsis to thanatourism.Journal of Heritage Studies,2(4),234-244.
-
Sending, O. J.,Neumann, I. B.(2006).Governance to governmentality: Analyzing NGOs, states, and power.International Studies Quarterly,50(3),651-672.
-
Slater, D.(2002).Other domains of democratic theory: Space, power, and the politics of democratization.Environment and Planning D: Society and Space,20(3),255-276.
-
Smith L.(2006).Uses of heritage.Oxford:Routledge.
-
Spence, J.(2006).Preserving the cultural heritage: An investigation into the feasibility of the OAIS model for application in small organisations.Aslib Proceedings,58(6),513-524.
-
Steinberg, D. I.,Shin, M.(2006).Tensions in South Korean political parties in transition: From entourage to ideology?.Asian Survey,46(4),255-276.
-
Stone, P.(2006).A dark tourism spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions.Tourism: An Interdisciplinary International Journal,54(2),145-160.
-
Stone, P.,Sharpley, R.(2008).Consuming dark tourism: A thanatological perspective.Annals of Tourism Research,35(2),574-595.
-
Teye, V. B.,Timothy, D. J.(2004).The varied colors of slave heritage in west Africa white American stakeholders.Space and Culture,7(2),145-155.
-
光州廣域市五一八史料編纂委員會(2012)。五一八民主運動。光州廣域市:光州廣域市五一八紀念文化中心。
-
李安如(2013)。地方、認同和想像地理:高雄大眾捷運系統的文化政治。臺灣人類學刊,11(1),93-122。
-
金啟恩(2006)。博士論文(博士論文)。臺灣大學國家發展研究所。
-
翁秀琪、陳慧敏(2000)。社會結構、語言機制與認同建構:大眾媒介如何「編織」美麗島事件並構塑民眾的族群與國家認同。傳播研究集刊,4,1-162。
-
高雄市民政局(2014)。高雄人權地圖。
-
陳存永、吳嘉昌、黃育仁(2012)。打造亞洲新灣區:土地使用和軌道建設的整合型發展計畫。城市發展,13,44-78。
-
單德興(2007)。創傷.回憶.和解:析論林瓔的越戰將士紀念碑。思想,5,95-127。
-
鄭根埴(2015)。韓國的民主化、轉型正義與過去清算。師大台灣史學報,8,3-26。
|