臺博館小白宮外牆天然石磚溯源

The Origin of the Natural Bricks in the Exterior Wall of the Little White House

方建能(Jiann-Neng Fang)；林筠庭(Yun-Ting Lin)；張羽嵐(Yu-Lan Chang)；葉欣(Hsin Yeh)

天然石磚 ； 石英砂岩 ； 安山岩 ； 北勢湖石 ； 大直石 ； natural bricks ； quartz sandstone ； andesite ； Beishihu stone ； Dazhi stone

臺灣鑛業

73卷4期（2021 / 12 / 01）

1 - 10

繁體中文

國立臺灣博物館南門館小白宮建築是臺灣現存最古老的石造洋式建築，外牆是由被拆除的臺北城城牆天然石磚當外層與紅磚拼湊成的內層組成。由於小白宮外牆天然石磚石材的岩石種類及其源自何處採石場，眾說紛紜。本研究透過綜整文獻，進行石材岩性觀察，輔以精密儀器檢測，將結果分類比對嘗試探討小白宮石材可能來源。本研究結果顯示，臺北城城牆與小白宮外牆天然石磚取材自北勢湖石及大直石，其岩性皆為砂岩；但臺北城城門基石岩性為安山岩。小白宮外牆天然石磚砂岩可再細分為粗石英砂岩、細石英砂岩及混濁砂岩，三種砂岩的化學成分明顯有差異；天然石磚取材自不同地層，粗及細石英砂岩應取自木山層，而混濁砂岩取自五指山層。

The Little White House, located at Nanmen Park of National Taiwan Museum, is the oldest existing stone-built, western-style building. The exterior wall of the building is composed of the natural bricks from the Taipei City Wall, and the interior consists of red bricks. A wide variety of sayings exist about the quarry locations where the bricks of the Little White House originated. This study summarizes historic references and observes the textures and fabrics of the bricks with precision instruments. The results are then divided into groups and compared, aiming to find the possible origin of the bricks in the outer wall of the Little White House. The results of this study indicate that the natural bricks of the Taipei City Wall and Little White House exterior wall are Beishihu stones and Dazhi stones, both of which are sandstones in lithology. However, the lithologies of the footing stones in the Taipei City Wall are mainly andesite. The sandstones of the Little White House exterior wall can be subdivided into coarse quartz sandstone, fine quartz sandstone, and graywacke. These three kinds of sandstone have significant differences in chemical composition, and are mined from different strata: the coarse and fine quartz sandstones most likely originated from the Mushan Formation, and the graywackes likely came from the Wuchishan Formation.