基於PFMEA資訊建置電源供應器設計失效風險評估系統之研究

The Study and Implementation of Failure Risk Evaluation System for Power Supply Design Based on PFMEA Information

劉天倫(Tien-Lun Liu)；劉旭偉(Hsu-Wei Liu)

製程失效模式與效應分析 ； 關聯矩陣 ； 公理設計 ； 產品設計品質 ； 電源供應器 ； process failure mode and effects analysis ； axiomatic design ； relationship matrix ； product design quality ； power supply design

品質學報

16卷6期（2009 / 12 / 31）

387 - 406

繁體中文

隨著科技快速發展和顧客要求變化的加快，現在產品開發流程的週期愈來愈短，導致很多問題在量產時才發現，造成生產時不良率的提高與品質的降低，此議題必須從設計階段來修正。利用新產品在少量試產時，去評量設計的缺陷與生產製程中所遭遇的困難，並找尋可能發生的問題點，使用製程失效模式與效應分析(PFMEA)的方法將問題點的潛在失效影響加以分析，評估其風險優先指數，使產品的缺陷能夠加以排序與改善，因而降低設計變更次數，強化製程能力，進一步提昇產品品質。本研究以直流電源供應器系列爲研究對象，希望藉由系統化與量化的方式，從PFMEA失效因素的資訊，運用公理設計的觀念，來探討攸關品質要求在產品設計上的因子；首先我們應用產品領域間對應的觀念建立功能需求(FRs)、設計參數(DPs)與製程變數(PVs)之間關聯矩陣，其次，研究電源供應器的PFMEA，並反向運用上述關聯矩陣來系統化得到失效模式(FMs)與功能需求、設計參數或是製程變數間的關聯值。這些關聯值反應出關係強度，進而表達出產品設計上考量的有用資訊。最後我們利用Excel VBA (Visual Basic Application)程式將前述資訊建置一個失效風險評估系統，可協助設計人員定義關聯或查詢，開發更好品質的電源供應器產品。

As the technology is developing rapidly, the requests from customers are changing very quickly. The cycle time of product development process is reduced so that the chance of problems occurring during the mass production increases, which causes bad yield rate and poor quality. Therefore this issue should be remedied from the design phase. To measure the defects of design and the difficulties of manufacture, we need to seek for possible problems in production during pilot run. Using the method of PFMEA (Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) to analyze problems and evaluate their RPN (Risk Priority Number), the defects of products could be prioritized and improved. Design changes can then be reduced to strengthen the production capability as well as further enhance product quality. The research is focused on the products of DC Power Supply. We first establish the relationship matrices among Functional Requirements (FRs), Design Parameters (DPs) and Process Variables (PVs) by applying the concept of product domain mapping. Secondly, we study the PFMEA of power supply and use these matrices in reverse to systematically obtain the related values between failure modes and PVs, DPs, or FRs. These related values reflect the intensity of relationships, which represent some useful information for the design consideration of products. Finally, we applied Excel VBA (Visual Basic Application) programming to implement a Failure Risk Evaluation System based on the previous information to help designers to develop new power supply products with better quality.

1. 李明賢、王玉鳳(2006)。運用 FMEA 鑑別 ISO 14001 顯著環境考量面之個案研究。品質學報，13(2)，159-173。
   連結：
2. Andrew, K.｜Madara. O.(2005).Improving the acoustics in a historic building using axiomatic design and T R I Z.The T R I Z Journal,June
3. Arcidiacono, G,Citti, P.,Fontana, V.,Marteili, T.(2004).Reliability improvement of car sliding door using axiomatic approach.Proceedings of I C A D 2004 The Third International Conference on Axiomatic Design.
4. Carbone, T. A.,Tippett, D, D.(2004).Project risk management using the project risk F M E A.Engineering Management Journal,16(4),28-35.
5. Cassanelli, G,Mura, G,Fantini, F.,Vanzi, M.,Piano, B.(2006).Failure analysis-assisted F M B A.Microelectronics Reliability,46(11),1795-1799.
6. Mohsen, H. A.,Cekecek, E.(2000).Thoughts on the use of axiomatic designs within the product development process.Proceedings of I C A D 2000 First International Conference on Axiomatic Design,43,188-195.
7. Rhee, S. J.,Ishii, K.(2003).Using cost based F M E A to enhance reliability and serviceability.Advanced Engineering Informatics,17(3-4),179-188.
8. Suh, N. B(1995).Axiomatic design of mechanical systems.Journal of Mechanical Design and the Journal of Vibration and acoustics. Transactions of the A S M E,117,1-10.
9. Suh, N. P.(1990).The Principles of Design.New York:Oxford University.
10. Teoh, P. C.,Case, K.(2004).Modelling and reasoning for failure modes and effects analysis generation.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Pan B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture,218(3),289-300.
11. 吳淑鶯(2001)。產品設計方法實證研究－以行動電話為例。商管科技季刊，2(2)，139-156。
12. 吳貴彬｜陳相如(2003)。失效模式與效應分析之應用。中華民國品質學會第39屆年會暨第9屆全國品質管理研討會
13. 李政儒(2006)。國立憂灣科技大學自動化及控制研究所項士論文。國立憂灣科技大學自動化及控制研究所。
14. 陳相如｜吳貴彬(2002)。失效模式與效應分析（FMEA）－QS9000之預防分析工具。品質月刊，38(6)，87-90。
15. 湯群輝(2004)。國立清華大學工業工程研究所。
16. 黃耀琨(2007)。義守大學資訊管理研究所。
17. 葉永鑽(2007)。義守大學管理研究所。
18. 察木項(2006)。失效模式興效應分析（FMEA）。台証科技教育訓練課程。
19. 劉天倫｜江威鱗｜李維倫(2008)。產品設計之改善與創新一以安全帽為例。2008第三屆華思（TRIZ）學會學術暨實務研討會暨第一屆海峽兩岸華思研討會。