以詮釋現象學探究國軍精進士官制度下的組織文化與組織公民行為

Using Hermeneutic Phenomenology to Investigate Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Under Sophisticated Systems of Non-commissioned Officers

10.29496/JNDM.201211.0002

黃盈智(Yin-Chih Huang)

組織文化 ； 組織公民行為 ； 質性研究 ； 詮釋現象學 ； Organizational Culture ； Organizational Citizenship Behavior ； Qualitative Research ； Hermeneutic Phenomenology

國防管理學報

33卷2期（2012 / 11 / 01）

15 - 35

繁體中文

本文旨在探究國軍「精進士官制度」下，士官的「組織文化」與「組織公民行為」所面臨的衝突和挑戰。研究的主軸欲表明：國軍精進士官制度有何意涵？精進士官制度推行後對團隊的組織文化造成哪些影響？又此「組織文化」與「組織公民行為」之間究竟存在何種關係？同時，還進一步闡述軍隊中優良的組織文化與組織公民行為應如何培養與建構？以及未來若欲改善「精進士官制度」應該何去何從？因此，研究者採後實證主義下的建構主義典範，運用詮釋現象學方法論的質性研究取徑，將探討對象所處的情境、文化等特徵皆納入考量。在質性資料的蒐集方面，除訴諸研究者十多年來的部隊工作經驗、以完全參與者的角色親身參與其中的實地觀察外，還運用半結構式的深度訪談法，以“滾雪球”的取樣方式選取受「精進士官制度」影響深遠的六位砲兵領導職士官長作為深度訪談對象，藉以探究本文所欲探討的核心議題。接著，依循研究者本身的先驗知識與理解，在質性資料分析軟體（ATLAS.ti）的協助下，按主題分析法的詮釋循環原則進行文本的分析。分析結果歸納出五個主要的討論與命題：一、士官如何看待士官制度；二、國軍士官的兩難；三、優質文化的養成；四、面對組織變革時的挑戰；五、組織公民行為的塑建。另外，本研究亦提出三點管理意涵：一、精益求精、勇於面對改變；二、以身作則、展現優質文化；三、放下身段、鼓勵取代責備。最後，在總結的綜合討論中，研究者歸納綜整受訪者的意見，並循此引出其於國防領域之實務運用以及對未來士官制度發展的建議與結論。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the conflicts and challenges that Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior will encounter when under non-commissioned officers' sophisticated systems. The study first presents the meaning of non-commissioned officers' sophisticated systems and the influences of such systems on the organizational culture. The relation between ”Organizational Culture” and ”Organizational Citizenship Behavior” under the sophisticated systems is also addressed. In addition, the presented work provides suggestions on how to develop and build excellent organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior in the military and how to improve the ”Sophisticated System of Non-commissioned Officers” in the future. The researcher collected qualitative data by the philosophy of Hermeneutic Phenomenology under the post-positivist paradigm of constructivism and took the variations of individual respondent, such as situation and culture into consideration when collecting the data.In the qualitative data collection, the researcher, who works in military for more than ten years, observes as a full participant and takes semi-structured deep interview to sample six artillery sergeant majors who most affected by the ”Sophisticated Systems of Non-commissioned Officers”. The researcher further explores the core issues discussed in this study.With the assistance of the analysis software ATLAS.ti, and together with the researcher's knowledge and understanding, this study was interpreted by the hermeneutic principle of the thematic analysis. The findings are discussed in several perspectives and titled as：1.Non-commissioned officers how to treat the sophisticated systems; 2.The dilemma of non-commissioned officers; 3.The development of quality culture; 4.The challenge of facing the organizational change; 5.The construction of organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, this study also provides three meanings：1. To strive for perfection and have courage to face the change; 2 To lead by personal example and show the quality culture; 3. Come down off one's high horse and replace the blame by encouragement.After collecting and analyzing the opinions from the survey candidates, the researcher provides suggestions and conclusions for army workers and for the future development of sergeants.