台灣北部地區失能老人家庭照顧品質及相關因素之探討

The Quality of Family Caregiving to Frail Elders and Related Factors in Northern Taiwan

10.7081/NR.199902.0015

林秀純(Shue-Chun Lin)；徐亞瑛(Yea-Ing Shyu)；姚開屏(Kai-Ping Yao)；吳淑瓊(Shwu-Chong Wu)

失能老人 ； 家庭照顧品質 ； 尋找平衡點之照顧過程 ； frail elder ； quality of family caregiving ； the caregiving process of finding a balance point

護理研究

7卷1期（1999 / 02 / 01）

15 - 28

繁體中文

本研究之目的旨在探討目前接受居家照顧之失能老人家庭照顧品質現況及其相關因素。研究架構是以徐（民84）質性研究所建構的「尋找平衡點：影響失能老人家庭照顧品質之照顧過程模式」爲依據，再根據本研究之目的修改而成。研究工具乃使用徐氏依其研究結果所衍生發展而成的相關量表，包括「照顧相關因素量表」、「尋找平衡點之照顧過程量表」及「家庭照顧品質量表」，上述量表在本研究中經測試證實有可接受的信、效度。本研究爲描述性相關性研究，採結構式問卷調查法，由台灣北部地區11個居家護理機構之收案對象進行立意選樣，共訪得有效樣本97對65歲以上失能老人及其主要照顧者。所得資料採用SPSS統計軟體進行描述性統計及複迴歸等分析。結果顯示，整體家庭照顧品質，包含「失能老人需求被滿足程度」、「家庭受影響程度」、「照顧者之照顧回饋與負荷」三個次量表，爲中等程度。在影響家庭照顧品質的重要預測變項方面發現：「照顧者性別」爲女性、「照顧者不須放棄工作」、「照顧者與失能老人的關係品質」愈好、「照顧困難度」愈低，以及在「尋找平衡點之照顧過程」中愈能兼顧互相競爭之需求的照顧者，整體家庭照顧品質愈好，相關因素的總解釋變異量達45%。

The purpose of this study was to explore the quality and its related factors of family care to frail elders receiving home nursing services. The conceptual framework of this study was modified from Shyu's (1995) model of family care quality. The instruments used in the study were developed from Shyu's qualitative data. Acceptable reliability and validity of these instruments were found. Ninety-seven frail elders and their caregivers from eleven home care agencies in Northern Taiwan received one-time structured interviews. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that three parts of family care quality, i.e. “the degree of the elders’ needs being met”, “the degree of family being affected by caregiving” and “caregiver’s burden and rewards” were above average. Female caregivers, caregivers who had not quit their job, caregivers having a better relationship with frail elders and caregivers being better at finding a balance point reported more positive overall caregiving consequences. The variance of overall caregiving consequences accounted for by related factors was 45%. Findings of this study provide nurses with knowledge about the current status of family care quality of frail elders and its related factors. These findings can provide a base for developing effective home health nursing interventions. Instruments developed in this study can be used by home care nurses as an effective assessment tool for evaluating family care quality.