台灣婦女停經的身體政治

The Politics of the Menopausal Body Among Taiwanese Women

10.7081/NR.200010.0491

楊舒琴(Shu-Chin Yang)；盧孳豔(Zxy-Yann Jane Lu)

停經 ； 更年期 ； 身體政治 ； 文化 ； 民族誌 ； menopause ； climacteric ； the politics of the body ； culture ； ethnography

護理研究

8卷5期（2000 / 10 / 01）

491 - 502

繁體中文

台灣約有十分之一的停經婦女人口，而女性有三分之一的生命處於停經後，停經的健康照護尤其重要。本研究目的在藉由台灣社會脈絡之權力關係解析停經的文化意義。應用民族誌學訪談與中度介入參與式觀察收集資料，由民國1998年2月1日至5月底止，基於理論性抽樣原則，共訪談18位48-55歲的停經婦女，每位進行1-2次、每次至少一個小時之訪談直到資料飽和；並收集2月1日至6月16日期間之報紙新聞、七家地區級以上醫院提供之衛教單張等文本資料，用持續比較分析法和民族誌分析方法進行資料的分析與處理，得到台灣婦女停經經驗的五項身體政治文化主題分別是：(1)科技物化女體的陷阱；(2)更年期的迷思；(3)中年婦女特質的文化意涵；(4)年齡政治的描繪；(5)甬之生。研究結果以本土化的角度分析，將有助護理人員在瞭解台灣婦女停經經驗時提高文化的敏感性。期望護理人員能鼓勵停經婦女以自己的經驗爲出發點，思索停經對她們的意義與感受。本研究更進一步建議中年婦女結集力量參與自己的健康照護。

Since one-tenth of the population in Taiwan are menopausal women, caring for menopausal women is a significant challenge for health professionals. The purpose of this research is to ascertain the politics of the body through menopausal experience in the cultural context of Taiwan. Ethnographic interview and moderate participant observation were used to collect data. Based on the principles of theoretical sampling, 18 females aged 48-55 were interviewed 1-2 times from February to May 1998, and each interview lasted at least 1 hour. Newspapers and health education pamphlets in 7 regional hospitals were also collected from February 1 to June 16 1998. The constant comparison method and ethnographic analysis were applied for data analysis and generated five cultural themes. They were: (1) reification of the menopausal body; (2) The myths of menopause; (3) cultural meaning of middle-aged womanhood; (4) representation of age politics; (5) changing self. Based on the cultural perspective, the findings of this research can help nurses in Taiwan to develop culturally specific sensitivity in the understanding of the experience of menopausal women. Nurses should also encourage women to contemplate their own meanings and feelings toward menopause based on their menopasual experience. The results also suggest that midlife women should participate in their own health care through women's collective power.

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