| 题名 |
全球石化產業的新紀元：原油製造化學品 |
| 并列篇名 |
A New Era in Global Petrochemical Industry: Crude Oil to Chemicals |
| 作者 |
林茂文(Maw-Wen Lin) |
| 关键词 |
原油製造化學品（COTC） ； 整合煉油－石化綜合體 ； 石油腦裂解製造烯烴技術 ； 生產化學品最大化 ； Crude-Oil-to-Chemicals (COTC) ； Integrated Refining-Petrochemical Complex ； Maximizing Production Chemicals |
| 期刊名称 |
石油季刊 |
| 卷期/出版年月 |
54卷4期（2018 / 12 / 01） |
| 页次 |
1 - 23 |
| 内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
| 中文摘要 |
因應國際能源轉型政策，未來石油產品市場需求將逐漸趨緩，而石化產品市場需求則持續成長，因此，煉油工業也要積極面對未來市場的巨變。2014年埃克森美孚公司在新加坡正式啟用了世界上第一套年產能100萬噸乙烯的工廠，採用原油直接製造烯烴新製程的煉廠，該廠越過原油裂解為石油腦過程，將原油直接轉化為輕質烯烴。根據IHS諮詢報告，原油直接製造烯烴技術相較傳統具有製程與成本優勢。亞洲現有四個COTC（Crude Oil to Chemicals）專案正推動中，包括中國的三個和汶萊的一個煉製結構被配置為生產最大量的對二甲苯。沙烏地Aramco/SABIC公司也開發了自有的原油直接製造烯烴化學品煉化廠，但尚未興建完成商業化營運。中國和沙烏地阿拉伯計畫啟動的幾個原油-化學品專案計畫，有可能在未來幾年重塑全球石油化工產業。煉油廠配置COTC新技術架構，將以生產化學品為最大化而不是傳統的運輸燃料。台灣石油工業面對國際情勢及石化市場改變，但同時也受限於國內土地利用、環保法規等因素限制，除洞悉國際石化市場變化趨勢外，並考量國內現實環境，政府應研議提出具體可行的轉型長期策略建議。 |
| 英文摘要 |
In response to international energy transition policies, market demand for petroleum products is expected to ease, while demand for petrochemical products will continue to grow. Therefore, the refining industry must be prepared to respond to rapidly changing market conditions. In 2014, ExxonMobil commissioned a world-scale facility in Singapore that produces 1 million tons per year of ethylene directly from crude oil, bypassing the traditional naphtha cracking process. According to the IHS Chemical Process Economics Report, this new crude to olefins process provides cost advantages over traditional production processes. There are currently four COTC projects in Asia, including three in China and one in Brunei, with refinery structures configured to produce maximum volumes of paraxylene. Saudi Aramco/SABIC has also developed its own crude to olefins process, but facilities for commercial operation are currently still under construction. Several crude oil to chemical projects initiated by China and Saudi Arabia have the potential to reshape the global petrochemical industry in the coming years. COTCs configure a refinery to produce maximum chemicals instead of traditional transportation fuels. The Taiwan oil industry is not only faced with changes in the international environment and the petrochemical market, but is also restricted by domestic land use and environmental protection regulations. In addition to understanding the dynamics of both the international petrochemical market and the actual domestic environment, the government should also propose long-term strategic recommendations that can ensure the success of energy transition. |
| 主题分类 |
工程學 >
礦冶與冶金工程 社會科學 > 經濟學 |
| 参考文献 |
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