题名 |
精細收拾:從《活計檔》看雍正皇帝對活計的品質控管 |
并列篇名 |
Detailed Settlement: The Quality Control of Emperor Yong-Cheng on Ho-Ji from "Ho-Ji-Dang" |
DOI |
10.29976/BHARC.200809.0007 |
作者 |
侯皓之(Hau-Chih Hou) |
关键词 |
雍正皇帝 ; 活計 ; 活計檔 ; 西洋工藝 ; 品質控管 ; Emperor Yong-Cheng ; Ho-Ji ; Ho-Ji-Dang ; western crafts ; quality control |
期刊名称 |
中國歷史學會史學集刊 |
卷期/出版年月 |
40期(2008 / 09 / 01) |
页次 |
185 - 232 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
中文摘要 |
雍正帝(1678-1735),是清朝入關後的第三位皇帝,在位期間勵精圖治,致力改革,貫徹政令,一掃康熙朝晚年的弊端,為之後乾隆盛世奠定穩定的根基。然而,綜觀目前研究,學者多聚焦於雍正帝的功業。政治表現雖可視為雍正帝主要人格的展現,然人的風貌多樣,非僅止於一端,日常行止反而更是個性的直接反映。清宮內務府造辦處的雍正朝《各作成做活計清檔》,記錄大量雍正帝的宮中生活,研究活計檔,可發現雍正帝是藝術愛好者,有豐富的藝術涵養,獨特的審美標準和高雅的鑑賞品味。分析檔案,可見雍正帝性格細膩,創意豐富,利用閒暇主導宮廷藝術創作,對活計的品質要求甚高,他透過親自主導活計製作、委派能人主持創作、製前評點修改樣稿、製做流程嚴整細密、適時給予獎賞鼓勵等方式,控管活計的品質。經由他的領導控管,造辦處的素質大大提昇,為日後乾隆朝的藝術發展起了承先啟後的作用。 |
英文摘要 |
Emperor Yong-Cheng (1678-1735), the third emperor of Ching Dynasty, endeavored and strived for the governance and management, devoted to the reform, implemented the political orders, removed the wrongdoings of late years of Emperor Kang-Shih and established the steady basis for the later prosperous Chian-Long Dynasty. However, the present studies focus on the successes of Yong-Cheng. Although the political performance indicated the features of the main personality of Yong-Cheng, the diversity of personality was more than one dimension and the daily behaviors reflected the characters. ”Ge-Zuo-Cheng-Zuo Ho-Ji-Ching-Dang” of Yong-Cheng Dynasty made by Management Office, House of Interior Affairs at Ching Place recorded a lot of Yong-Cheng life descriptions in the palace. By means of the investigation on Ho-Ji-Dang, we found that Yong-Cheng was a lover of arts with plentiful artistic competence, unique aesthetic standards and elegant appreciation taste. The file-analysis addressed that Yong-Cheng had the refined characters and rich creativity; employed the leisure hours to direct the artistic creations at the palace; and demanded the high quality of Ho-Ji. He himself directed by himself the manufacturing of Ho-Ji, commissioned the competent persons to handle the creations, assessed and revised the sample draft prior to the manufacturing, required the detailed and refined process of creation manufacturing, and offered the awards and encouragement at the right time, which controlled the quality of Ho-Ji. Through his leadership and control and management, the quality of Management Office was advanced greatly, initiating the artistic development of the later Chain-Long Dynasty. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
歷史學 |
参考文献 |
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被引用次数 |