屏東地區婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查之相關因素

Factors associated With Papanicolaou Smear Practice in Women in the Pingtung Area

10.6288/TJPH2003-22-02-08

林惠賢(Huey-Shyan Lin)；王琳華(Ling-Hua Wang)；劉淑敏(Shu-Min Liu)；康啟杰(Chi-Chieh Kang)

子宮頸抹片檢查 ； 知識 ； 態度 ； 行為 ； cervical cancer screening ； knowledge ； attitude ； behavior.

台灣公共衛生雜誌

22卷2期（2003 / 04 / 01）

127 - 133

繁體中文

目標：本研究目的為探討影響社區婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查之相關因素，希望藉此研究結與經驗提供衛生當局作為訂定加強婦女抹片篩檢政策的參考。方法：本研究以屏東縣３０歲以上的婦女為抽樣對象，採多步驟隨機抽樣（包括分層、聚集、等距隨機抽樣），以結構式問卷進行家庭訪視調查，共取得有效樣本為１１０１人。結果：經統計分析後發現，研究對象之子宮頸癌與子宮頸抹片檢查知識正確性不高（答對比率平均為４６．６％），子宮頸癌與子宮頸抹片檢查態度稍偏正向（平均每題３．５５分），而子宮頸抹片檢查行為中，至少每年做一次抹片檢查者佔３５．３％，從來沒有檢查者佔２６．３％。透過向前邏輯斯迴歸分析（forward logistic regression analysis）發現：性經驗年數較多、婦科症狀數目較多、婦女對子宮頸癌及子宮頸抹片檢查的認知較正確及態度較正向者較曾做過抹片檢查；而婦女對子宮頸癌及子宮頸抹片檢查的認知較正確、態度較正向、居住在非都市及配偶有學歷者較會每年定期做一次抹片檢查。結論：由研究結果建議政府應利用大眾媒體及衛生機構對婦女及其配偶進行衛生教育，加強婦女對子宮頸癌與子宮頸抹片檢查的認知及態度，特別是配偶無學歷、年齡較大且寡居之婦女；並結合醫護人員的影響力，走入社區推廣抹片檢查，以增加婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查的意願。

Objectives: This study investigated the factors that may affect community women in cervical cancer screening practice. Methods: Using multi-stage random sampling method (including stratified, cluster, and interval random sampling), 1101women aged 30 years and above were interviewed with structured questionnaires in the Pingtung area. Results: The findings revealed that only 46.6% women had adequate knowledge in cervical cancer and Pap smear. Although, they had a positive attitude toward cervical cancer and Pap smear with an average Likert score of 3.55. Among the surveyed women, 35.3% reported having received an annual Pap smear test, and 26.3% women never experienced the test. Based on the results of forward logistic regression analysis, women with positive attitudes and of more knowledgeable toward the disease and Pap test had greater odds of annual screening. Women living in rural areas, having a school educated spouse, having longer sexual experience and having more gynecological ailments were also more likely to have the test. Conclusions: According to the findings, the government should make use of mass media and health institutions to enhance the knowledge and attitude toward cervical cancer and Pap smear, especially for women whose spouses are of lower educational level or who are widows with elder age. Physicians and nurses are encouraged to promote women’s desire of cervical cancer screening.

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