公共衛生護理人員工作壓力感受、因應策略與壓力結果之探討—以互動型工作壓力模式為架構

Work stress, Coping Strategies, and Consequences among Public Health Nurses - Based on an Interactive Model

10.6288/TJPH2004-23-05-07

李逸(I Lee)

公共衛生護理人員 ； 工作壓力感受 ； 因應策略 ； 壓力結果 ； public health nurses ； work stress ； coping strategies ； consequences of the stress

台灣公共衛生雜誌

23卷5期（2004 / 10 / 01）

398 - 405

繁體中文

目標：本研究以互動型工作壓力模式為架構，探討公共衛生護理人員之工作壓力感受、因應策略與壓力結果。方法：以郵寄問卷方式進行收案，調查樣本為北高兩市同意參與研究之衛生所護理人員共171人，獲得有效問卷167份進行資料分析。結果：研究發現（1）工作壓力感受越大者，其工作滿意度越低、身心健康狀況越受影響、離職傾向越明顯。（2）相對較廣泛使用因應策略者，其工作壓力感受與壓力結果的相關性消失了，且壓力感受對壓力結果不具預測力。（3）在較高工作壓力感受的樣本中，較廣泛使用因應策略者相對於較少使用因應策略者，在心理與身體健康狀況較不受影響，且其差異達到統計上顯著的水準。結論：使用因應策略對壓力過程的緩衝作用在本研究中獲得支持，但是其作用機制應進一步探討。建議可在職場中安排增進壓力因應策略之活動，而未來研究可朝因應策略對壓力過程之調節機制方向探討。

Objective: using an interactive model of stress, this study investigated the relationships between perceived work stress, coping strategies and their consequences among public health nurses. Methods: A structured questionnaire was sent to public health nurses working in Taipei or Kaohsiung city who agreed to participate in this study. Among 171 voluntary subjects, 167 questionnaires were completed and returned. Results: (1) The perceived level of work stress was negatively correlated with job satisfaction and physical/mental health, and was positively correlated with turnover intention. (2) For those who adopt relatively higher level of coping strategies, the relationships between perceived work stress and outcome variables were weakened, and their perceived stress had no predictive power on stress outcomes. (3) Within high work stress samples, high-level coping adopters suffered relatively less mental and physical problems than low-level adopters showing statistical significance. Conclusions: The buffering effect of coping strategy adoptions was found in this study, but the mechanisms of the effect merit further exploration. This study suggested that activities for enhancing coping strategies can be arranged at work, and more reseach on the detaited intervention mechanisms of specific coping strategies should be made.

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