就讀高壓輸電線跨越校園上空學校學童之一般健康狀態評估

Assessment of General Health Status amongst Children Students Who Attend Schools with high-tension Power Lines Hovering over the Campuses

10.6288/TJPH2006-25-02-01

李中一(Chung-Yi Li)；宋鴻樟(Fung-Chang Sung)；陳富莉(Fu-Li Chen)

橫斷性研究 ； 電磁場 ； 學校衛生 ； 電力設施 ； Cross-sectional studies ； Electromagnetic fields ； School health ； Power sources

台灣公共衛生雜誌

25卷2期（2006 / 04 / 01）

83 - 92

繁體中文

評估就讀於有高壓輸電線跨越校園上空國民中小學學童之一般健康狀態。方法：本研究利用橫斷性研究設計，在2004年4月至11月期間，針對台北縣市14所校園上空有高壓輸電線跨越之國民中小學學童1,117名（暴露組）以及18所校園上空無高壓輸電線跨越之國民中小學學童2,204名（對照組）的家長進行過去一個月以來，對學童健康情形之自我評量問卷；並利用多變量多名義邏輯斯迥歸模式調整年齡與社經指標後，計算勝算比及其相對應之信賴區間，用以估計暴露組學童過去一個月內生病與就醫症狀的相對危險性。結果：控制家長教育程度與學童年齡後，暴露組學童一個月內曾經就醫的勝算比為0.84(95% CI:0.72-0.98)，其中暴露組學童看過西醫門診(OR=0.65, 95% CI:0.56-0.81)與牙醫門診(OR=0.76, 95% CI:0.59-0.98)之勝算比也都顯著偏低，但暴露組與對照組學童在中醫門診、西藥房買藥、以及另類醫療使用的比率上則無顯著的差異，家長自訴學童健康症狀的頻率上也無顯著差異。結論：本研究發現，就讀校園上空有高壓輸電線跨越的國民中小學之學童在某些自訴的就醫與疾病頻率上似乎有偏低的情形，這可能是因為某些未控制的干擾因子所致，也可能是因為為極低頻磁場激活效應所致，唯真正原因需要未來的研究去作釐清。

To assess the health of children attending elementary and junior high schools with high tension power lines hovering over the campuses. Methods: Between April and November, 2004, we carried out a cross-sectional study that administerd a self-assessed health questionnaire survey to the parents of 1,117 children from 14 elementary and junior high schools with high tension power lines hovering over the campuses (exposed group). The control group was consisted of 2,204 children from 18 control schools. Multivariate multinominal logistic regression model was used to calculate the age and socioeconomic indicators adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) of clinical visits and health conditions within a one- month period prior to questionnaire survey in relation to the putatively hazardous exposure to magnetic fields. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, children of the exposed group experienced significantly reduced OR of clinic visit at a value of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.98). The ORs for both ambulatory and dental care were also significantly reduced at estimates of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56-0.81) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.59-0.98), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in Chinese medicine care, drugstore visits, and taking herbal medicine. There were also no significant differences in the self-reported adverse health outcomes by parents. Conclusions: This study discloses that children attending elementary and junior high schools with high-tension power lines hovering over the campuses tended to experience a lower frequency of certain health indicators. Whether such results were due to unadjusted confounders or electromagnetic fields induced hormetic effects warrant further investigation.

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