市場與組織因素對醫院技術創新多元性之影響

Exploring the Impact of Market and Organizational Factors on the Diversity of Technological Innovation of Hospitals in Taiwan

10.6288/TJPH2006-25-05-06

翁瑞宏(Rhay-Hung Weng)；邱柏松(Pe-Song Chiu)；黃金安(Jin-An Huang)

組織創新 ； 技術創新 ； 醫院 ； 醫療產業 ； Organizational Innovation ； Technological Innovation ； Hospitals ； Healthcare Industry

台灣公共衛生雜誌

25卷5期（2006 / 10 / 01）

372 - 383

繁體中文

目標：本研究主要目的為探討市場與組織因素對台灣醫院技術創新多元性的影響。方法：在資料收集方面，乃自92年度台灣醫院年鑑、內政部統計年報以及全民健康保險學術研究資料庫等三個資料庫中擷取研究變項，並獲得有效樣本共277家醫院，之後採用階層迴歸分析來進行實證分析。結果：研究結果發現，市場因素並未能對醫院技術創新多元性產生直接性的效果，僅醫院規模、醫院權屬、教學狀態與醫療專科數等組織因素能產生直接性的影響，且醫院規模對技術創新多元性乃呈現正向的指數型影響，此外，創院年數則須透過市場競爭度的調節，才能產生正向的影響。結論：本研究結果支持Damanpour (1996)在組織創新權變模式中的論點：組織因素為創新的決定性因素，而市場因素為組織在提升技術創新多元性時的重要權變因素。

Objectives: The emphasis of the current study was to analyze market and organizational factors which affect the diversity of technological innovations at hospitals. Methods: Research data were obtained from three sources: 1) the Taiwan Hospital Annual, 2) the Statistical Yearbook of the Interior, and 3) the National Health Insurance Research Database of 2003. Organizational and market factors were analyzed by using a sample of 277 hospitals which were obtained from the data so urces. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test our hypotheses. Results: Only some organizational factors, including hospital size, ownership, teaching status, and the number of medical specialties, had a direct effect on the diversity of technological innovation. Unexpectedly, however, the relationship between size and technological innovation was not linear, but exponential. Moreover, market size and market competition had no main effect. Only market competition positively moderated the relationship between hospital age and the diversity of technological innovation. Conclusions: Based on our results, market factors, especially market competition, do not play a direct role, rather a contingency role, on affecting the diversity of technological innovation at hospitals. Indeed, our study supports the argument of the contingency model of organizational innovation, as proposed by Damanpour (1996).

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