正視女性飲酒問題：性別角度的初探

Exploring the Alcohol Consumption Behavior of Women from a Gender Perspective

10.6288/TJPH2006-25-06-02

洪兆嘉(Chao-Chia Hung)；張珏(Chueh Chang)

性別 ； 飲酒 ； 性別檢視 ； gender ； alcohol ； gender perspective

台灣公共衛生雜誌

25卷6期（2006 / 12 / 01）

419 - 429

繁體中文

飲酒一直被視為是與男性健康有關的健康問題，隨著社會變遷，女性的飲酒行為及飲酒問題增加，性別間飲酒行為的差距逐漸縮小，已受全球已開發國家重視。目前婦女與飲酒行為的相關文獻多著重於流行病學之盛行率的探討，較少由性別觀點分析社會及環境因素的影響。本文主要目的是回顧國內外有關婦女飲酒的相關文獻，由性別的觀點探討影響女性飲酒的可能原因。首先是討論生理性別及社會性別對婦女飲酒行為的影響，進一步討論婦女飲酒行為與負面情緒的因應、職場的性別不平等及社會行銷策略的關係。針對這些影響因素，作者建議應重視婦女飲酒行為與性別不平等之社會制度的關係。最後提出對女性飲酒問題之政策、研究及實務應用的建議。

In the past, alcohol-related problems were considered to be an important health issue for men alone. However, the consumption of alcohol by women has increased and the gender convergence in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems has gradually gained recognition amongst developed countries. Previous research pertaining to alcohol consumption by women has focused mainly on descriptive epidemiology in prevalence studies, with little emphasis on social and environmental factors from a gender perspective. The aim of this article was to review the literature on the alcohol consumption behavior of women and to explore the basis for such behavior from a gender perspective. Accordingly, the effect of biological sex and sociological gender on women's consumption of alcohol is discussed. The relationship between women's alcohol consumption and coping with negative emotions is also explored. How gender inequality in the workplace and the social marketing of alcohol affect a women's alcohol consumption is addressed. The results suggest that the relationship between a women's consumption of alcohol and the social institution of gender inequality should receive greater attention. Finally, the implications of these findings for future policy, research, and practice are discussed.

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