門診戒菸治療之成效及其相關因素探討

The Effectiveness of Outpatient Smoking Cessation Therapy and Related Factors

10.6288/TJPH2008-27-01-05

陳宙珍(Chou-Chen Chen)；李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen)；趙坤郁(Kun-Yu Chao)

戒菸 ； 菸害防制 ； 門診治療 ； 成年人 ； smoking cessation ； tobacco control ； outpatient therapy ； adult

台灣公共衛生雜誌

27卷1期（2008 / 02 / 01）

44 - 56

繁體中文

目標：探討吸菸者前往門診接受戒菸治療之成效，並找出影響其戒菸成功之因素。方法：利用行政院衛生署國民健康局門診戒菸治療計畫所建置之資料庫，進行次級資料分析。研究樣本為2003年11月至2004年12月期間，前往台灣地區各合約門診接受戒菸治療，年滿18歲且被成功追蹤者共7，802人。結果：「持續六個月」及「持績一年」的持續戒菸成功率分別為l8.9%和7.9%；「六個月後」及「一年後」的點戒菸成功（指受訪時回答前一星期內沒有吸菸）的比率分別為23.0%及17.2%。多變項統計分析發現，與「持續戒菸成功」有關之因素含年齡、性別、職業等級、睡眠品質、是否運動、飲酒頻率、有無超時工作、就醫次數、吸終年數、尼古丁成癮度、過去戒菸次數、有吸菸家人數、戒菸治療次數、及戒菸治療方式。結論：影響持續戒菸成功因素，歸納「個人因素」、「環境因素」和「治療因素」三面向。建議門診醫護人員協助吸菸者戒菸時，除考量其年齡、性別、職業、生活習慣和就醫情形外，還需掌握其吸菸年數、尼古丁成癮度、曾戒菸次數、和有吸菸家人數。至於，鼓勵個案按時回診接受完整治療，及依其情況選擇適合的戒菸方法，也是幫助吸菸者戒菸成功的關鍵。

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of outpatient smoking cessation interventions and factors related to success. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted on data provided by the Bureau of Health Promotion funded ”Smoking Cessation Therapy Project”. A total of 7,802 smokers were included in the study. Participants included those smokers aged 18 and over who participated in smoking cessation therapy at participating clinics between November 2003 and December 2004, and who completed follow up successfully. Results: The ”continuous abstinence rates” at six months and one year were 18.9% and 7.9%, respectively. The ”point abstinence rates” at six months and one year were 23.0% and 17.2%, respectively. Factors related to continuous abstinence included age, gender, occupational level, sleep quality, exercise, frequency of alcohol consumption, working overtime, number of doctor visits, number of years of smoking, degree of nicotine dependence, number of attempts to quit smoking, number of smokers in the family, number of therapy sessions, and types of smoking cessation therapy. Conclusions: Factors related to smokers' continuous abstinence can be classified into three categories: individual factors, environmental factors and therapeutic factors. Clinic staff involved in outpatient smoking cessation should tailor therapy according to patients' age, gender, occupation, lifestyle and frequency of health-care provider visits. Consideration should also be given to other smoking related factors, such as number of years smoking, degree of nicotine dependence, number of attempts to quit smoking and number of smokers in the family. It is important to encourage smokers to visit their doctor regularly and participate in all therapy sessions. To ensure success, cessation therapy should be targeted at the individual patient's needs.

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