健康資訊傳播對民眾空氣汙染風險認知的影響

The impact of health information dissemination on public awareness of air pollution risk

10.6288/TJPH.201808_37(4).107009

鄧詠竹(Yung-Chu Teng)；曾子容(Tzu-Jung Tseng)；詹大千(Ta-Chien Chan)

空氣汙染 ； 風險認知 ； 資訊傳播 ； 健康資訊 ； air pollution ； risk awareness ； information dissemination ； health information

台灣公共衛生雜誌

37卷4期（2018 / 08 / 20）

435 - 452

繁體中文

目標：室外空氣汙染物被證明會導致健康危害，如何透過健康資訊傳播有效提升民眾的風險認知非常重要。本研究探討民眾空氣污染的風險認知程度、對政府解決能力的信心，是否與資訊的傳播方式、資訊來源的信賴度、或本身的健康狀態等因素有關係。方法：資料使用2016年科技部傳播調查資料庫第一期第五次的調查結果，以邏輯斯迴歸進行統計分析，主要探討哪些個人因素、資訊傳播方式、資訊的信任程度、地區差異等會與民眾對空氣汙染的風險認知有關。結果：58.1%受訪者覺得空汙很可能影響自己的健康，而對於政府改善空汙狀況的信心很低（36.7%）。民眾居住地區、教育程度、個人健康狀態或快樂程度、資訊蒐集的管道、資訊的信賴程度等都對於空氣污染的風險認知或政府處理空汙能力的信心上產生顯著的影響。結論：針對不同地區、特定族群提升電視與網路所提供健康訊息的信賴感及提升對政府處理空污問題的信心，並加強男性、單身、中老年族群對於空污的風險認知。

Objectives: Outdoor air pollution has been proved hazardous to health. It is notably important to elevate civil awareness and thorough dissemination of health information. This study tried to elucidate the associations between public awareness of air pollution, confidence in government strategies for dealing with air pollution, obtainment of air pollution information from different channels, trust in the information source, and personal health status. Methods: The data were obtained from the fifth survey of the first phase of the Taiwan Communication Survey, funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, 2016. Personal factors, information dissemination approaches, trust in the information source, and spatial differences were explored with logistic regression to understand respondents’ perception of outdoor air pollution risks and related health behavior. Results: 58.1% of respondentss thought air pollution may affect their own health. About 1/3 (36.7%) of people lacked confidence in strategies for improving air pollution led by the government. Residence, education, personal health status or happiness, information channel, and trust in the information source had significant association with risk awareness and confidence in government air-pollution measures. Conclusions: Our results suggested the importance of enhancing the reliability of health information provided from TV and internet and boosting confidence in government actions to combat air pollution. Finally, awareness of the risk of air pollution can be improved for specific population segments including males, singles and the elderly population.

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