農業經營專區之農地多元功能價值探討

The Study of Special Agricultural Enterprise Districts in Multiple Functions of Farmland

王玉真(Yu-Chen Wang)

多功能農業 ； 農業經營專區 ； 農地保育 ； 環境友善 ； Multifunctional agriculture ； the Special Agricultural Enterprise District ； Conservation and Utility of Farmland ； Environmental Friendly

土地經濟年刊

25期（2014 / 07 / 01）

132 - 169

繁體中文

基於多功能農業，已成為先進國家保護農業之重要論述，尤其面臨全球化、糧食安全之外在環境課題，以及國內土地資源競用、違規使用等問題，農業部門從土地利用觀點，建構農業經營專區制度，強調土地集中與規模經濟效益，並導入友善環境耕作制度，活化休廢耕地利用及協助核心農產品行銷通路，形塑安全生產基地及引導農產業發展。此種以農業經營專區促進農地農用及確保農地資源作法，較強制性之土地使用管制更具效果。本文從農業多功能衍生之農地多元功能價值觀點，以李克特態度量表，對農業經營專區之農民進行問卷調查，並比較區外農民認知，調查結果顯示，專區農民對農地多功能認知普遍高於區外，且認同以專區方式較利於農地保育及利用，特別是生產功能，符合農業經營專區以生產為主之特性。此外，農業經營專區亦可落實環境友善之農業經營概念，惟要避免農地流失，尚須賦予專區較強的法律地位及效力，以確保執行效果。

Multifunctional agriculture has become an important issue of discussions in advanced countries for the protection of agriculture. Especially, in response to issues of agricultural globalization, food security, land competition and illegal use of land, a brand-new system of Special Agricultural Enterprise District (SAED) has been developed for more effective use of farmland, stressing the concentration of farmland to achieve economies of scale. To create a secured cultivation environment for agricultural development, several tasks have been implemented, including the adoption of environmental friendly cultivation system, reactivating disused land and expanding the distribution of agricultural products. The SAED is now yielding better effect in the conservation and utility of farmland. This paper conducts Likert's scale questionnaires on the farmers within the SAED and then makes a comparison between SAED farmers and non-SAED farmers in terms of their attitudes toward multiple functions of farmland. The findings show that: 1. SAED farmers have a stronger recognition on multifunctional agriculture, especially in the function of agricultural production. 2. The farmers think the SAED facilitates the conservation and utility of farmland by using the environmental friendly farming. 3. The implementation of the SAED should be written into the Agricultural Development Act to provide a legal basis for farmland conservation.

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