「聆聽」與「詮釋」交錯的主體介入：以老屋敘說開創之案例研究

Subjective Intervention through Alternating Listening and Interpretation: Explaining Entrepreneurship through Case Studies Involving Old Buildings

10.6160/SYSMR.201803_26(1).0003

洪世謙(Shih-Chian Hung)；李慶芳(Ching-Fang Lee)

開創 ； 流變 ； 物件 ； 聆聽 ； 詮釋 ； Entrepreneuring ； Becoming ； Object ； Listening ； Interpretation

中山管理評論

26卷1期（2018 / 03 / 01）

55 - 84

繁體中文

創新與創業一定得把老建物拆除嗎？拆掉的不只物件、還有鑲嵌於其中的人文脈絡。物件不僅有「物質」還蘊含著「精神」，一昧地拆除老建物也可能拆掉人與人的關係、情感、生活的文化底蘊。開創不必然是對既有物件的拆除與換新，而是開創者透過與物件的互動，而將自己投身於這個學習歷程之中。本文透過「院子劇場」與「元啡驢派」兩個創業者與老屋開創故事之敘說，透過「哲學思維」與「開創實踐」進行兩個案例分析與比較後有四個發現：第一、主體介入物件有「聆聽」與「詮釋」兩種主體介入之開創途徑；第二、透過詮釋與聆聽兩者交錯運用，呈現了主體介入物件之開創學習歷程。第三、開創行為：不只是拆除物件、而是積極開採物件的意義。第四、孕育「創見、創異、創易」的開創精神。即開創者有智慧地交錯運用「聆聽」與「詮釋」兩種主體介入，可以開展出創業者與物件之新生命與新意義。最後，據此研究發現提出理論意涵與管理意涵。

Must innovation and entrepreneurship results in the demolition of old buildings? When demolition occurs, what is destroyed is not just an object, but also the cultural context embedded within it. Objects do not merely possess substance, but also spirit. Blindly demolishing buildings may also destroy a cultural fabric consisting of people's relationships, feelings, and lives. Entrepreneurship should not necessarily involve the removal and replacement of existing objects, and should consist of the way in which the entrepreneur interacts with an object, and is involved in a learning process. This paper recounts the stories of how the two startup businesses ＂Yuan＂ and ＂Piefee coffee shop＂ made innovative use of old buildings, and relies on philosophical and entrepreneurial perspectives to engage in a dialogue between theory and the case studies. The study discovered that listening and interpretation constitute two methods of subjective intervention that can be used to bring about innovation. If entrepreneurs have the wisdom to make alternating use of these two types of subjective intervention, they can develop new life and new meaning for the entrepreneurs and objects. Philosophical thinking and entrepreneurial practice are used in analysis and comparison of these two cases, yielding four discoveries: First, subjective intervention in objects has the two pathways of listening and interpretation. Second, this expresses the innovative process by which interpretation and listening intervene in spaces in alternating fashion. Third, entrepreneurship does not consist of destroying an object, but rather actively extracting the object's meeting. Fourth, the entrepreneurial spirit consists of creativity, creation of differences, and creation of convenience. Finally, this study's findings have significant implication for theoretical stream and management practice.

1. Baker, T.,Nelson, R. E.(2005).Creating Something from Nothing: Resource Construction through Entrepreneurial Bricolage.Administrative Science Quarterly,50(3),329-366.
2. Carsrud, A.,Brännback, M.(2014).Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Entrepreneurship and Small Business.Cheltenham:Edward Elgar.
3. De Certeau, M.(1990).L'invention du quotidien.Paris:Gallimard.
4. Foucault, M.(1969).L'Archéologie du savoir.Paris:Gallimard.
5. Hjorth, D.,Johannisson, B.(2009).Learning as an Entrepreneurial Process.Revue de l'Entrepreneuriat,8(2),57-78.
6. Hjorth, D.,Steyaert, C.(2004).Narrative and Discursive Approaches in Entrepreneurship.Cheltenham:Edward Elgar.
7. Johannisson, B.(2011).Towards a Practice Theory of Entrepreneuring.Small Business Economics,36(2),135-150.
8. Johannisson, B.(2016).Limits to and Prospects of Entrepreneurship Education in the Academic Context.Entrepreneurship & Regional Development,28(5-6),403-423.
9. Moroz, P. W.,Hindle, K.(2012).Entrepreneurship as a Process: Toward Harmonizing Multiple Perspectives.Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice,36(4),781-818.
10. Porter, M. E.,Kramer, M. R.(2011).Creating Shared Value.Harvard Business Review,89(1-2),62-77.
11. Rindova, V.,Barry, D.,Ketchen, J. D. J.(2009).Entrepreneuring as Emancipation.Academy of Management Review,34(3),477-491.
12. Steyaert, C.(2007).'Entrepreneuring' as a Conceptual Attractor? A Review of Process Theories in 20 Years of Entrepreneurship Studies.Entrepreneurship & Regional Development,19(6),453-477.
13. Steyaert, C.,Hjorth, D.(2003).New Movements in Entrepreneurship.Edward Elgar Publishing.
14. Wang, C. L.,Chugh, H.(2014).Entrepreneurial Learning: Past Research and Future Challenges.International Journal of Management Reviews,16(1),24-61.
15. 孫周興譯、Heidegger, Martin(1996)。海德格爾選集（下）。上海=Shanghai:三聯書局=Joint Publishing。
16. 郭建玲譯、張建華譯、陳永國譯、夏可君譯、Nancy, Jean-Luc(2007)。解構的共通體。上海=Shanghai:人民出版社=People's Publishing House。
17. 陳嘉映譯、Heidegger, Martin(1993)。存在與時間。台北=Taipei:桂冠出版社=Laurel Crown Press。