英文摘要
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As many know, ”Twenty-Five Sayings” (二十五言) was selectively translated by the Jesuit scholarly missionary Matteo Ricci(1552-1610) from Epictetus's ”Enchiridion”. The latter is a handbook of proverbs with respect to Stoic ethical practice written in Greek around the beginning of the second century C.E. and was first translated to Latin in 1497. In this Chinese transcultural text, Ricci adapted the spirit of rhetoric typical of the traditional Western ethical thought to Confucian ethics, just as what he had done earlier in the ”Jiaoyou Lun” (交友論). Thus, he could achieve the ultimate goal of introducing the moral teachings of Christianity. At the same time, he could also encourage his Chinese friends, especially the publisher Feng Ying-ching (馮應京), to reflect morally on their own acts and make the right choice according to free will.Another feature of this paper is to compare the thought and the technique of rhetoric of ”Jiaoyou Lun” with the ”Adagia” of Erasmus (1466 or 1469-1536) who during the sixteen century was the most important Dutch Christian humanist and an intimate friend of Thomas More (1478-1535). Emphasis will be placed on the first proverb 'amicorum communia omnia' (言友之物,皆與共也). The spirit of the ethics of friendship revealed synchronically and diachronically through the works of these scholars and the following Jesuit missionaries in China is also found in the ”Twenty-Five Sayings”.
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