题名 |
論唐代公舉的形成 |
并列篇名 |
Formation of Kung-Ju in Tang Dynasty |
作者 |
施淳益(Chun-yi Shi) |
关键词 |
公舉 ; 中唐政局 ; 安史之亂 ; 江南士人 ; Kung-Ju (公舉) ; Political Situations during the mid-Tang Dynasty ; An-Shih Rebellion ; Southern Yangzi River Gentries |
期刊名称 |
輔仁歷史學報 |
卷期/出版年月 |
35期(2015 / 09 / 01) |
页次 |
31 - 72 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
中文摘要 |
本文討論唐代科舉中的「公舉」現象,以安史亂後唐朝政府對於選舉的爭議與政治鬥爭為切入點,重構皇帝、大臣間為了爭取選拔人才的權力,彼此相互拉扯、爭鬥的過程。最後發源於江南士人,由各個有力人士「公開推薦人才」的「公舉」方式,因能避免某一人獨佔選舉權而受到皇帝、大臣們的接受,並且與士子行卷的風氣相結合,成為唐代科舉的特殊現象。人事權的掌控在任何朝代都是一敏感的議題,其中牽涉了皇帝、宰相、大臣間的政治角力關係,唐代也不例外。本文以政治事件及人事糾葛入手,透過楊綰、陸贄、權德輿三人對選舉的議論及爭議進行研究,藉以重新理解唐代選舉演變歷程。楊綰、陸贄、權德輿三人在當時都具有左右選舉的力量,但對於選舉制度該怎麼改變,仍受制於當時的政治經驗,是以提出用察舉來改良科舉的議論。在皇帝、宰相、大臣三邊的角力中,選舉在「科舉」與「察舉」兩端的擺盪,反映了三者的互動關係。本文將以楊綰、陸贄、權德輿三人的選舉議論為中心,來理解唐代安史亂後皇帝與宰相、大臣間的權力是如何進行競爭,進而影響了唐代選舉制度的面貌。 |
英文摘要 |
This paper is going to exam the phenomenon of "Kung-Ju" in the Tang civil examination system. Through the standpoint of civil exam disputes and political conflicts, one can sees the process of how the emperor and his ministers try to uphold the power of selecting new recruits for the bureaucracy. In the end, originated by the Southern Yangzi River (江南) gentries, the method of publicly promoting able and meritious man became acceptable to both the emperor and his ministers. This method prevents one person to monopolize the power of selecting civil servants, and in conjunction became a special phenomenon of Tang's civil exam system. The power of promoting or demoting officials has always been a touchy issue in every dynasty, because it touches upon the political balance between the emperor, the prime minister and the officials. Tang dynasty is no exception to this rule as well. By studying the political conflicts and clash between the rights of personnel, focusing on Yang Wan (楊綰), Lu Chih (陸贄), and Quan De-yu's (權德輿) opinions and debates on the controversy of civic exam, hopefully the evolution of the civic exam during the Tang dynasty will become clear. Even though Yang Wan, Lu Chih, and Quan De-yu have the power to influence the outcome of the civil exam, but they are also restricted by political experience of the time. Therefore, they propose the idea of Civil Service Nomination System (察舉) to improve the civil exam system. In the political arena between the emperor, the prime minister and the officials, the process of selecting government officials swing between Civil Service Nomination System and formal test. And this process reflects the contestation between the three sides. This paper will focus on Yang Wan, Lu Chih, and Quan De-yu's opinions and debates on civil exam, in order to understand how the emperor, the prime minster and officials compete against each other after the An-Shih Rebellion (安史之亂). Furthermore, how this political contestation influenced the outlook of civil exam system during the Tang dynasty. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
歷史學 |
参考文献 |
|