题名 |
滬里滬外:臺灣北海岸地區的石滬發展與變遷 |
并列篇名 |
Development and Change of Stone Weir in North Coast of Taiwan |
作者 |
賴惠如(Lai, Hui-ju);林信成(Lin, Sinn-cheng);李其霖(Lee, Chi-lin);陳美聖(Chen, Mei-sheng) |
关键词 |
石滬 ; 淡水 ; 三芝 ; 石門 ; Stone Weir ; Tamsui District ; Sanzhi District ; Shimen District |
期刊名称 |
淡江史學 |
卷期/出版年月 |
30期(2018 / 09 / 01) |
页次 |
153 - 195 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
中文摘要 |
漁滬捕魚,是人類原始漁獵文化中的一種形式,可上溯至石器時代,在世界各地均有使用植物、石材等於河海圍魚的陷阱,而利用石頭築滬捕魚者稱為「石滬」。台灣西部以及澎湖列島的海岸都可見此種古老的石滬遺跡,以澎湖有五百多口石滬最多,而台灣本島的石滬則是分布於台中至金山海岸一帶。目前有關澎湖石滬的研究非常完整,但對台灣本島石滬的研究則屬缺乏。根據史料顯示,北海岸是本島石滬密度最高的區域,因此本研究將北海岸設定為主要研究範圍,藉由文獻回顧法,將文史記載、早期地圖、古今空照圖作比對,並運用田野調查法,訪問在地耆老、文史學者,以了解過去移民及築滬捕魚維生的生活樣貌,由實地踏察地理環境,觀察潮汐變化與石滬結構間的關係,勾勒出北海岸石滬的發展與變遷。本研究結果顯示,石滬自清末至今一百多年的歷史,除淡水興仁石滬、三芝雙連石滬經整建、石門麟山鼻石滬位於北觀處麟山鼻遊憩區受到保護外,其他幾乎都已殘破,有些因漁港的開發、填海造陸、垃圾掩埋場的興建等而消失。歸納耆老口述石滬荒廢的原因為產業轉型不符人力成本、近海廢水汙染致使魚源枯竭、動力漁船和漁具的進步向外海捕魚。石滬為沿岸漁業發展歷史之一,藉由研究了解人與土地、海洋間資源利用和共生的關係。石滬雖已不再具有經濟效益,但以文化資產的角度,實為海岸居民謀生的智慧結晶。石滬會在海浪衝擊下逐漸成為礫石灘,曾具有石滬捕魚經驗的耆老日漸凋零,透過影音紀錄留下歷史的記憶,建構台灣本島北海岸石滬史。 |
英文摘要 |
Stone weir is a trap from the Stone Age by observing tidal changes to catch fish. There are 95% stone weir which located in Taiwan. Especially in Penghu, there are over 500 stone weir. Also stone weir is located in the west coast of Taiwan Island from Taichung city to Jinshan district in New Taipei city. According to historical data, the most intensive area of stone weir is in the north coast of Taiwan. At present, the research of stone weir in Penghu is very complete, but the study on the Taiwan Island of stone weir is lack, therefore to set the north coast as the main research area. As stone weir in the north coast is no longer for fishing over than 50 years, in order to explore its reasons, the current situation, and the memory of elderly by using field survey method. As the result, the exiting stone weir are preserved as a landscape sanctuary or restoration. Most of stone weir disappeared due to the development of fishing port, reclamation, construction of landfills, maintenance of the needy, etc. From the oral history of elderly, the reason for stone weir is no longer used for fishing due to the high labor cost of the industrial transformation, the pollution of the inshore wastewater, and the policies for the promotion of power vessels and offshore fishing. Stone weir is a part of the history of coastal fishery development, through the research process understanding the relationship between people, land, and the oceans. Although stone weir no longer has economic benefits, but in terms of cultural assets, it is the intelligent crystallization of livelihood for the coastal residents. Stone weir will gradually become gravel pebble beach under the impact of the waves. Elderly who once had experience in stone weir fishing died gradually. It is importance to construct stone weir history of the north coast in Taiwan on the historical memory of the video recording. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
歷史學 |
参考文献 |
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被引用次数 |
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