新式化學灼傷緊急除污劑－敵腐靈的使用經驗

New Emergency Decontamination Solution for Chemical Burn's Treatment: The Practical Use Experience for Diphoterine(superscript ®)

10.30027/CJOM.200607.0001

林旭華(Hsu-Hua Lin)；劉麗美(Li-Mei Liu)；邱德發(Tea-Fa Chiu)

化學灼傷 ； 緊急除污劑 ； 敵腐靈 ； chemical burn ； emergency decontamination solution ； Diphoterine(superscript ®)

中華職業醫學雜誌

13卷3期（2006 / 07 / 25）

135 - 142

繁體中文

近年來，台灣化學工業蓬勃發展且各種毒性化學物質被廣泛使用。在化學工廠裹從事保春維修、拆卸管路、閥體、泵浦等機械設備的工作人員，接觸酸、鹼、有機溶劑等化學溶劑機會甚多，因此工作場所危害預防及急救器材設置顯得更加重要。 當不慎被異常洩漏之危險物或有害物等化學溶劑噴濺傷害時，第一時間適當的緊急處置，將可減輕個案的傷害及避免後遺症發生。傳統的化學灼傷處理方式中，水為工作現場緊急應變的主要方式，且需早期在患部沖淋才能有較好的功效。國外許多的文獻報導指出，敵腐靈(Diphoterine(上標 ®))，是一種眼睛及皮膚化學濺觸的水性除污劑，它可以有效除污近600種化學物質，包括酸、鹼、氣化劑及還原劑、刺激物、催淚瓦斯、溶劑、烷基化合物。反觀，國內對於敵腐靈的使用經驗仍較少。 本文是以台灣中部某石化廠的13例化學灼傷意外事件處理經驗，與大家分享。其結果發現，在化學灼傷時的第一時間使用敵腐靈除污，其預後優於僅用水沖淋。期望藉由本文的處理經驗，使國內對於敵腐靈的使用能有新的認識。同時，再次提醒在職場上工作的人員及雇主對於提供安全工作環境的重視。

In recent years, chemical industries in Taiwan have developed prosperously and various hazardous materials have been used widely. In the chemical factories, workers who are engaged in the maintenance and dismantling of pipes, valves, pumps and other mechanical apparatus have much exposure to acids, bases, organic solvents and other chemicals. Therefore it is all the more paramount to set in place workplace precautions and first aid equipments. When one is accidentally injured by spills of unusual and hazardous leaks or harmful chemical solvents, proper emergency treatment on the spot can reduce the degree of injury and prevent the breakout of sequela. In the traditional treatment of chemical burns, water is mainly used for emergency aid on site and delivers a better result when it is rinsed onto the infected area at an early stage. Many documents and reports abroad have pointed out that Diphoterine(superscript ®) is a decontamination solution for chemical spills onto the eye and the skin. It can effectively decontaminate almost 600 chemicals, including acids, bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, irritants, tear gas, solvents, and alkylating agents. The experience in using Diphoterine(superscript ®) is however relatively lacking within the country. This article hereby shares the experiences of treating 13 cases of chemical burn accidents that took place in a petrochemical plant in central Taiwan. The results show that chemical burns are better treated immediately using Diphoterine(superscript ®) than using water-rinsing alone. It is hoped that, through the treatment experiences in this article, new understandings about the use of Diphoterine(superscript ®) may be noted within the country, and, at the same time, the reminder to value and provide a safe workplace may be reiterated to related personnel and employers.