親密關係衝突中的建設性轉化歷程：行動者與伴侶相依模式之探討

The Constructive Transformation Process of Conflict in Intimate Relationships: An Analysis of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model

10.30074/FJMH.201803_31(1).0002

蕭綱玉(Victor K.Y. Chiao)；葉光輝(Kuang-Hui Yeh)；吳志文(Chih-Wen Wu)

親密關係衝突 ； 建設性轉化 ； 衝突屬性認知評估信念 ； 衝突因應策略 ； 行動者與伴侶相依模式 ； intimate relationship conflict ； constructive transformation process ； functional-oriented appraisal of conflict ； conflict resolution strategy ； actor-partner interdependence model

中華心理衛生學刊

31卷1期（2018 / 03 / 01）

29 - 67

繁體中文

研究目的：探討情侶關係衝突的建設性轉化歷程，並關注伴侶間的相互影響，主張關係中雙方對衝突採取功能性評估與競爭性評估信念，會透過相應的因應策略影響自身與對方的關係滿意度與安適幸福感。研究方法：援用行動者與伴侶相依模式，以189對未婚情侶於2016年6月至8月期間填答網路調查的對偶資料進行結構方程模型分析。研究結果：針對行動者效果，對衝突持功能性評估者會透過兼容並蓄因應策略提升自身的關係滿意度；持競爭性評估者會透過規避逃離因應策略降低自身的關係滿意度；男性採自我犧牲策略者會提升自身的關係滿意度與安適幸福感，採功利主義策略者會降低自身的關係滿意度。針對伴侶效果，採自我犧牲策略者會降低對方的安適幸福感；女性採兼容並蓄策略者會降低男性的安適幸福感；男性採兼容並蓄策略者會提升女性的關係滿意度，採功利主義策略者會提升女性的安適幸福感。研究結論：本研究以對偶資料突顯出情侶雙方對衝突的認知評估與因應策略會相互影響衝突的建設性轉化歷程。

Purpose: We collected dyadic data from unmarried lovers to explore the constructive transformation process of conflict in intimate relationships. We investigated the different resolution strategies mediated the relationships between the type of cognitive appraisal (functional-oriented or competitive-oriented) used to assess conflict in intimate relationship and personal adaptation (satisfaction with the relationship and peace of mind).Method: We used the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) for data analysis. Data were collected from 189 pairs of unmarried lovers by online surveyfrom June through August in 2016. Results: For both genders, a functional-oriented appraisal of conflict was positively related to a compatible resolution strategy, and consequently contributed to higher satisfaction with the relationship. For both genders, a competitive-oriented appraisal of conflict was positively related to an escape resolution strategy, and consequently contributed to lower satisfaction with the relationship. For men, a self-sacrifice resolution strategy was associated with higher satisfaction with the relationship and peace of mind, but a utilitarian resolution strategy was associated with lower satisfaction in the relationship. For both genders, if one partner had a self-sacrifice resolution strategy, the other had lower satisfaction with the relationship. If the female had a compatible resolution strategy, the male had lower peace of mind, but if the male had a compatible resolution strategy, the female had higher satisfaction with the relationship. The male partner's utilitarian resolution strategy was related to his partner's higher peace of mind. Conclusion: The results would be informative in investigating the dyadic conflict interaction process between unmarried young lovers, as well as in providing professional consultants a better understanding of the constructive transformation process of conflict in intimate relationships.

1. 李怡真、林以正(2006)。愛情關係中的情緒表達衝突之縱貫研究。中華心理學刊，48(1)，53-67。
   連結：
2. 張妤玥、陸洛(2007)。愛情關係中對方衝突管理方式與自身關係滿意度之關連。中華心理衛生學刊，20(2)，155-178。
   連結：
3. 陳富美、利翠珊(2004)。不同情感組型夫妻在家事分工上的差異：對偶資料的分析。應用心理研究，24，95-115。
   連結：
4. 楊國樞(2004)。華人自我的理論分析與實徵研究：社會取向與個人取向的觀點。本土心理學研究，22，11-80。
   連結：
5. 葉光輝、曹惟純(2014)。成人親子衝突之建設性轉化路徑：功能性衝突評估，共享式解決策略與個人生活適應的關聯。中華心理衛生學刊，27(2)，173-199。
   連結：
6. 蕭英玲、黃芳銘(2010)。婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向：貫時性對偶分析。中華心理學刊，52(4)，377-396。
   連結：
7. Cahn, D. D.(1992).Conflict in intimate relationships.New York, NY:Guilford Press.
8. Fisher, L.,Kokes, R.,Ransom, D.,Phillips, S.,Rudd, P.(1985).Alternative strategies for creating "relational" family data.Family Process,24,213-224.
9. Geist, R. L.,Gilbert, D. G.(1996).Correlates of expressed and felt emotion during marital conflict: Satisfaction, personality, process, and outcome.Personality and Individual Differences,21(1),49-60.
10. Heavey, C. L.,Layne, C.,Christensen, A.(1993).Gender and conflict structure in marital interaction: A replication and extension.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,61(1),16-27.
11. Hendrick, S. S.,Hendrick, C.,Adler, N. L.(1988).Romantic relationships: Love, satisfaction, and staying together.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,54(6),980-988.
12. Hojjat, M.(2000).Sex differences and perceptions of conflict in romantic relationships.Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,17(4-5),598-617.
13. Hu, L.,Bentler, P. M.(1999).Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives.Structural Equation Modeling,6,1-55.
14. Impett, E. A.,Beals, K. P.,Peplau, L. A.(2001).Testing the investment model of relationship commitment and stability in a longitudinal study of married couples.Current Psychology,20(4),312-326.
15. Karney, B. R.,Bradbury, T. N.(1997).Neuroticism, marital interaction, and the trajectory of marital satisfaction.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,72(5),1075-1092.
16. Kelley, H. H.(Ed.),Berscheid, E.(Ed.),Christensen, A.(Ed.),Harvey, J. H.(Ed.),Huston, T. L.(Ed.),Levinger, G.(Ed.),McClintock, E.(Ed.),Peplau, L. A.(Ed.),Peterson, D. R.(Ed.)(1983).Close relationships.New York, NY:W. H. Freeman and Co.
17. Kenny, D. A.,Ledermann, T.(2010).Detecting, measuring, and testing dyadic patterns in the actor-partner interdependence model.Journal of Family Psychology,24(3),359-366.
18. Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K.,Bane, C.,Glaser, R.,Malarkey, W. B.(2003).Love, marriage, and divorce: Newlyweds' stress hormones foreshadow relationship changes.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,71(1),176-188.
19. Kline, R. B.(1998).Software programs for structural equation modeling: Amos, EQS, and LISREL.Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment,16,343-364.
20. Lazarus, R. S.,Folkman, S.(1984).Stress, appraisal, and coping.New York, NY:Springer.
21. Lee-Baggley, D.,Preece, M.,DeLongis, A.(2005).Coping with interpersonal stress: Role of Big Five traits.Journal of Personality,73(5),1141-1180.
22. Little, T. D.,Cunningham, W. A.,Shahar, G.,Widaman, K. F.(2002).To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits.Structural Equation Modeling,9(2),151-173.
23. MacCallum, R. C.,Browne, M. W.,Sugawara, H. M.(1996).Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.Psychological Methods,1,130-149.
24. McNulty, J. K.(2010).When positive processes hurt relationships.Current Directions in Psychological Science,19(3),167-171.
25. Murray, S. L.,Holmes, J. G.,Collins, N. L.(2006).Optimizing assurance: The risk regulation system in relationships.Psychological Bulletin,132(5),641-666.
26. Norris, S. L.,Zweigenhaft, R. L.(1999).Self-monitoring, trust, and commitment in romantic relationships.The Journal of Social Psychology,139(2),215-220.
27. Overall, N. C.,Fletcher, G. J.,Simpson, J. A.,Sibley, C. G.(2009).Regulating partners in intimate relationships: The costs and benefits of different communication strategies.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,96(3),620-639.
28. Powers, S. I.,Pietromonaco, P. R.,Gunlicks, M.,Sayer, A.(2006).Dating couples' attachment styles and patterns of cortisol reactivity and recovery in response to a relationship conflict.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,90(4),613-628.
29. Rahim, A.,Bonoma, T. V.(1979).Managing organizational conflict: A model for diagnosis and intervention.Psychological Reports,44(3),1323-1344.
30. Rahim, M. A.(1983).A measure of styles of handing interpersonal conflict.Academy of Management Journal,26,368-376.
31. Rogge, R. D.,Bradbury, T. N.(1999).Till violence does us part: The differing roles of communication and aggression in predicting adverse marital outcomes.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,67(3),340-351.
32. Rusbult, C. E.,Zembrodt, I. M.(1983).Responses to dissatisfaction in romantic involvements: A multidimensional scaling analysis.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,19(3),274-293.
33. Simpson, J. A.,Rholes, W. S.,Phillips, D.(1996).Conflict in close relationships: An attachment perspective.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,71,899-914.
34. Weiten, W.,Lloyd, M. A.(2008).Psychology applied to modern life.Boston, MA:Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
35. 吳志文、莊詩怡、葉光輝(2012)。兩種觀點，親子衝突歷程大不同：功能性與防衛性評估對衝突消解策略與生活適應的作用效果。第51屆台灣心理學會暨學術研討會，臺中市:
36. 李怡真(2009)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立臺灣大學心理學系。
37. 卓紋君(2000)。從兩性關係發展模式談兩性親密關係的分與合。諮商與輔導，174，25-29。
38. 林倩如(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中山醫學大學心理學暨臨床心理學系。
39. 黃囇莉(1999)。人際和諧與衝突─本土化的理論與研究。台北:桂冠圖書公司。
40. 葉光輝(2012)。青少年親子衝突歷程的建設性轉化：從研究觀點的轉換到理論架構的發展。高雄行為科學學刊，3，31-59。
41. 葉光輝(1995)。孝道困境的消解模式及其相關因素。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，79，87-118。
42. 葉光輝(1997)。親子互動的困境與衝突及其因應方式：孝道觀點的探討。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，82，65-114。
43. 鐘冠群(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中原大學心理學系。

1. 葉光輝,許詩淇(2019)。華人人際及群際關係主題研究的回顧與前瞻。本土心理學研究，51，33-88。
2. 張思嘉,吳志文(2022)。正向與負向婚姻品質對新婚夫妻自我概念的影響：行動者－伴侶相依模式之探討。中華輔導與諮商學報，64，65-97。
3. (2024)。同林鳥或各自飛：以APIMeM模式探討伴侶間成人依附、伴侶因應與復原力之關係。中華心理衛生學刊，37(2)，113-144。