题名

諮商研究生與諮商心理師接受心理治療現況

并列篇名

Utilization of Mental Health Services among Counselors and Graduate Students of Counseling: A Survey Study

DOI

10.30074/FJMH.202103_34(1).0002

作者

葉寶玲(Pao-Ling Yeh)

关键词

心理治療 ; 諮商心理師 ; 諮商研究生 ; counselors ; counseling undergraduates ; individual counseling

期刊名称

中華心理衛生學刊

卷期/出版年月

34卷1期(2021 / 03 / 01)

页次

25 - 53

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

研究目的:諮商師教育者多數鼓勵研究生接受心理治療,但諮商研究生與諮商心理師接受治療的整體現象如何仍不清楚。本研究旨在了解諮商研究生與諮商心理師接受心理治療的現況及差異。研究方法:本研究採自編問卷,透過郵寄與網路方式共回收有效問卷892份,包含504位諮商研究生與388位諮商心理師。研究結果:(1)八成以上研究參與者曾接受心理治療,以碩士班期間最多;(2)個人成長為動機最多;(3)諮商研究生透過諮商中心尋求治療,諮商心理師則透過專業同儕介紹;(4)諮商結束原因主要是問題已解決;(5)所經歷治療師人數主要是兩位;(6)治療師主要是諮商心理師身份;(7)治療師均主要是心理動力取向;(8)個別諮商以有獲益和無傷害較多;(9)諮商研究生與諮商心理師在治療管道、治療師取向與職稱、治療費用、治療議題上有顯著差異。研究結論:諮商領域接受治療十分踴躍且主動,但接受的個別諮商內涵有別,顯示不同發展階段助人者自我探索、統整以及療癒上需求不同。然而,33.49%諮商研究生與29.64%諮商心理師自覺諮商過程受到傷害比例不低,值得進一步研究探討。

英文摘要

Purpose: Most educators in the field of counseling encourage their graduate students to receive individual counseling. However, the situations of counseling graduate students and counselors receiving individual psychotherapies remains unclear. We investigated the current situations of and difference between counseling graduate students and counselors undergoing individual psychotherapies. Method: We developed a questionnaire and distributed it by mail and on the Internet, resulting in 892 valid participants: 504 counseling graduate students, and 388 practicing counseling psychologists. Results: The analysis indicated: (1) more than 80% of respondents had received individual counseling, and most did so while pursuing a master’s degree; (2) personal development was the dominant motivation for taking individual counseling; (3) most counseling graduate students sought individual counseling through a counseling center, whereas most counseling psychologists did so through peer referral; (4) in most cases, individual counseling was discontinued because a problem had been resolved; (5) most of the respondents had consulted 2 therapists; (6) most of the therapists were practicing counseling psychologists; (7) most of the counselors consulted belonged to the school of psychodynamic psychotherapy; (8) most respondents reported that their therapy was beneficial and atraumatic; and (9) counseling graduate students and counseling psychologists differed significantly in the channel of therapy, school and title of therapist, cost of therapy, and issues for counseling. Conclusion: Counseling graduate students and counseling psychologists exhibited high initiative in taking counseling, but the individual counseling therapies they sought differed in content. This finding indicates that helping professionals in different stages of self-development differ in their need for self-exploration, self-integration, and therapy. Moreover, considering the 33.49% of graduate students and 22.64% of counselors substantial number of respondents who reported trauma as a result of counseling, counseling-induced trauma may warrant further investigation.

主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
参考文献
  1. 林家興(2007)。大學諮商學習者受輔經驗之調查研究。諮商輔導學報,16,1-21。
    連結:
  2. 許瑛玿(2016)。心理學相關課程將學生求助經驗列入課程要求涉及之倫理議題。輔導季刊,52(4),49-58。
    連結:
  3. 葉寶玲,陳秉華(2014)。諮商師個人心理治療後與母親情感關係改變之研究。諮商心理與復健諮商學報,27,137-170。
    連結:
  4. Atkinson, P.(2006).Personal therapy in the training of therapists.European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling,8(4),407-410.
  5. Bearse, J. L.,McMinn, M. R.,Seegobin, W.,Free, K.(2013).Barriers to psychologists seeking mental health care.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,44(3),150-157.
  6. Bellows, K. F.(2007).Psychotherapists’ personal psychotherapy and its perceived influence on clinical practice.Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic,71(3),204-226.
  7. Bike, D. H.,Norcross, J. C.,Schatz, D. M.(2009).Processes and outcomes of psychotherapists’personal therapy: Replication and extension 20 years later.Psychotherapy Theory, Research, Practice, Training,46(1),19-31.
  8. Buckley, P.,Karasu, T. B.,Charles, E.(1981).Psychotherapists view their personal therapy.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice,18(3),299-306.
  9. Carkhuff, R. R.(1969).Helping and human relations: A primer for lay and professional helpers.New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  10. Castonguay, L. G.,Boswell, J. F.,Constantino, M. J.,Goldfried, M. R.,Hill, C. E.(2010).Training implications of harmful effects of psychological treatments.American Psychologist,65(1),34-49.
  11. Curtis, R. C.(2011).Speaking freely: My experiences in individual psychotherapies, group therapies, and growth groups.Journal Clinical Psychology,67(8),794-805.
  12. Daw, B.,Joseph, S.(2007).Qualified therapists’ experience of personal therapy.Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,7(4),227-232.
  13. Dearing, R. L.,Maddux, J. E.,Tangney, J. P.(2005).Predictors of psychological help seeking in clinical and counseling psychology graduate students.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,36(3),323-329.
  14. Dellis, N. P.(Ed.),Stone, H. K.(Ed.)(1960).The Training of Psychotherapists.Baton Rouge:Louisiana University.
  15. Deutsch, C. J.(1985).A survey of therapists’ personal problems and treatment.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,16(2),305-315.
  16. Dimidjian, S.,Hollon, S. D.(2010).How would we know if psychotherapy were harmful?.American Psychologist,65(1),21-33.
  17. Elman, N. S.,Forrest, L.(2004).Psychotherapy in the remediation of psychology trainee exploratory interviews with training directors.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,35,123-130.
  18. Fauth, J.,Gates, S.,Vinca, M. A.,Boles, S.,Hayes, J. A.(2007).Big ideas for psychotherapy training.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training,44(4),384-391.
  19. Fromm-Reichmann, F.(1950).Principles of intensive psychotherapy.Oxford, England:University of Chicago Press.
  20. Garfield, S. L.,Bergin, A. E.(1971).Personal therapy, outcome and some therapist variables.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice,8(3),252-255.
  21. Geller, J. C.(2005).The Psychotherapist’s own psychotherapy: Patient and clinician perspectives.New York:Oxford University Press.
  22. Geller, J. D.(2011).The psychotherapy of psychotherapists.Journal of Clinical Psychology,67(8),759-765.
  23. Geller, J. D.(2013).A psychotherapist’s education: Lessons learned from both sides of the couch.Psychoanalytic Psychology,30(4),627-643.
  24. Guy, J. D.,Poelstra, P. L.,Stark, M. J.(1989).Personal distress and therapeutic effectiveness: National survey of psychologists practicing psychotherapy.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,20(1),48-50.
  25. Guy, J. D.,Stark, M. J.,Poelstra, P. L.(1988).Personal therapy for psychotherapists before and after entering professional practice.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,19(4),474-476.
  26. Holzman, L. A.,Searight, H. R.,Hughes, H. M.(1996).Clinical psychology graduate students and personal psychotherapy: Results of an exploratory survey.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,27(1),98-101.
  27. Ivey, A. E.(1971).Microcounseling: innovations in interviewing training.Springfield:Charles C Thomas.
  28. Keddy, P.(2011).My experience with psychotherapy, existential analysis, and Jungian analysis: Rollo May and beyond.Journal of Clinical Psychology,67,806-817.
  29. Larson, D.(Ed.)(1984).Teaching psychological skills: Models for giving psychology away.Monterey, CA:Brooks/Cole.
  30. Lilienfeld, S. O.(2007).Psychological treatments that cause harm.Perspectives on Psychological Science,2(1),53-70.
  31. Macran, S.,Stiles, W. B.,Smith, J. A.(1999).How does personal therapy affect therapists’ practice?.Journal of Counseling Psychology,46(4),419-431.
  32. Mahoney, M. J.(1997).Psychotherapists’ personal problems and self-care patterns.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,28(1),14-16.
  33. McWilliams, N.(2013).The impact of my own psychotherapy on my work as a therapist.Psychoanalytic Psychology,30(4),621-626.
  34. Norcross, J. C.(2005).The psychotherapist’s own psychotherapy: educating and developing psychologists.American Psychologist,60(8),840-850.
  35. Norcross, J. C.,Bike, H.,Evans, K. L.(2009).The therapist’s therapist: a replication and extension 20 year later.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training,46,32-41.
  36. Norcross, J. C.,Geller, J. D.,Kurzawa, E. K.(2000).Conducting psychotherapy with psychotherapists: I. Prevalence, patients, and problems.Psychotherapy,37(3),199-205.
  37. Orlinsky, D. E.(2013).Reasons for personal therapy given by psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapists and their effects on personal welling and professional development.Psychoanalytic Psychology,30(4),644-662.
  38. Orlinsky, D. E.,Norcross, J. C.,Ronnestand, M. H.,Wiseman, H.(2001).Outcomes and impacts of psychotherapies’ personal therapy: A research review.The psychotherapist’s own psychotherapy: Patient and clinician perspectives,New York:
  39. Pope, K. S.,Tabachnick, B. G.(1994).Therapists patients: A national survey of psychologists’ experiences, problems, and beliefs.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,25(3),247-258.
  40. Sandell, R.,Carlsson, J.,Schubert, J.,Grant, J.,Lazar, A.,Broberg, J.(2006).Therapists’ therapies: The relation between training therapy and patient change in long-term psychotherapy and psychoanalysis.Psychotherapy Research,16(3),306-316.
  41. Shannon, P. J.,Simmelink, J.,Im, H.,Becher, E.(2014).Exploring the experiences of survivor students in a course on trauma treatment.Psychological Trauma: Theory, Practice, and Policy,6,S107-S115.
  42. Strupp, H. H.(1958).The psychotherapist’s contribution to the treatment process.Behavioral Science,3(1),34-67.
  43. Wampler, L. D.,Strupp, H. H.(1976).Personal therapy for students in clinical psychology: A matter of faith?.Professional Psychology,7(2),195-201.
  44. Wiseman, H.,Egozi, S.(2006).Personal therapy for Israel school counselors: Prevalence, parameters, and professional difficulties and burnout.Psychotherapy Research,16,323-347.