夫妻壓力與情感表露之相關性研究：對偶分析

Stress and Its Association with Emotional Expression in Couples

10.30074/FJMH.202303_36(1).0001

蔡佩靜(Pei-Ching Tsai)；林梅鳳(Mei-Feng Lin)；陳宇平(Yu-Ping Chen)；盧怡任(Yi-Jen Lu)

夫妻 ； 壓力 ； 情感表露 ； 行動者與伴侶相依中介模式 ； marital relationship ； stress ； emotional expression ； actor-partner interdependence

中華心理衛生學刊

36卷1期（2023 / 03 / 01）

1 - 28

繁體中文;英文

研究目的：從對偶分析法探討夫妻之外在壓力、關係壓力對於情感表露相互影響的模式。研究方法：以92對台灣南部之夫妻，在取得參與研究同意書後，以實驗室法進行15分鐘夫妻衝突的實境討論錄影，之後再以問卷讓夫妻各自評量生活中的外在壓力與關係壓力資料。錄影資料由2位評分者進行分析、根據24編碼的中文化特定情感編碼系統為工具，分別檢視夫、妻在15分鐘互動中各自所表露的其情感行為，採對偶分析法檢視此三變項間的相互影響關係。研究結果：（一）夫與妻之外在壓力與關係壓力有正相關，且外在壓力與正傾向情感表露無顯著相關。（二）「妻外在壓力影響妻關係壓力，進而影響妻正傾向情感表露」、「妻外在壓力影響妻關係壓力，進而影響夫正傾向情感表露」與「夫外在壓力影響夫關係壓力，進而影響妻正傾向情感表露」等三條路徑成立，顯示妻子在溝通中的正傾向情感表露程度同時受到丈夫之外在壓力與關係壓力，以及自身之外在壓力與關係壓力所影響；而丈夫之正傾向情感表露僅受妻子外在壓力與關係壓力之影響。研究結論：台灣夫妻對於外在壓力、關係壓力以及情感表露之相互影響，其模式差異主要反映在妻子的壓力之感受所影響之夫妻的情感表露上，此結果可能與台灣夫妻互動的特性或是文化的影響有關。

Purpose: We used dyadic analysis to explore the relationship of external stress and relationship stress to emotional expression between husbands and wives in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 92 couples in Southern Taiwan participated in a 15 minute session of laboratory-based conflict discussion. They were video-recorded with their informed consent. They also completed questionnaires on external stress and relationship stress. Two researchers separately used the 24 codes from the Chinese Specific Affect system to code the emotional behaviors expressed during each couple's conflict. We applied dyadic analysis to examine the interdependence of the variables. Results: For both husbands and wives, external stress positively corresponded with the perception of relational stress. The wives' positive-oriented emotional expression was affected both by her husband's and her own perception of relational stress. In contrast, a husband's positive-oriented emotional expression was mainly influenced by his wife's perception of relational stress. Conclusions: The gender difference we identified suggests that the wife's perception of relationship stress impacts the positive-oriented emotional expressions of the couple. Future research should explore whether these findings are linked with the particular dyadic interactions investigated or whether they reflect culturally-related factors for Taiwanese couples.

1. 利翠珊(2005)。身心障礙兒童家中夫妻的壓力、付出與恩情。中華心理衛生學刊，18(2)，25-54。
   連結：
2. 盧怡任,陳淑娟,陳宇平,林梅鳳(2022)。台灣夫妻情感互動觀察系統的跨文化轉譯研究。中華心理學刊，64(4)，493-514。
   連結：
3. Bagozzi, R. P.,Yi, Y.(1988).On the evaluation of structural equation models.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,16(1),74-94.
4. Banmen, G.,Vogel, N. A.(1985).The relationship between marital quality and interpersonal sexual communication.Family Therapy,12,45-58.
5. Bodenmann, G.(1995).A systemic-transactional conceptualization of stress and coping in couples.Swiss Journal of Psychology,54(1),34-49.
6. Bodenmann, G.,Ledermann, T.,Blattner, D.,Galluzzo, C.(2006).Associations among everyday stress, critical life events, and sexual problems.The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,194(7),494-501.
7. Bodenmann, G.,Ledermann, T.,Bradbury, T. N.(2007).Stress, sex, and satisfaction in marriage.Personal Relationships,14,551-569.
8. Coan, J. A.(Ed.),Allen, J. J. B.(Ed.)(2007).Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment.Oxford University Press.
9. Falconier, M. K.,Nussbeck, F. W.,Bodenmann, G.,Schneider, H.,Bradbury, T.(2015).Stress from daily hassles in couples: Its effects on intradyadic stress, relationship satisfaction, and physical and psychological well-being.Journal of Marital and Family Therapy,41(2),221-235.
10. Geist, R. L.,Gilbert, D. G.(1996).Correlates of expressed and felt emotion during marital conflict: Satisfaction, personality, process, and outcome.Personality and Individual Differences,21(1),49-60.
11. Gottman, J. M.(1994).What predicts divorce? The relationship between marital processes and marital outcomes.New York:Psychology Press.
12. Gottman, J. M.,Coan, J.,Carrere, S.,Swanson, C.(1998).Predicting marital happiness and stability from newlywed interactions.Journal of Marriage and the Family,5-22.
13. Gottman, J. M.,Markman, H.,Notarius, C.(1977).The topography of marital conflict: A sequential analysis of verbal and nonverbal behavior.Journal of Marriage and the Family,461-477.
14. Gottman, J. M.,Silver, N.(2015).The seven principles for making marriage work: a practical guide from the country’s foremost relationship expert.New York:Harmony Books.
15. Henry, J. W.,Stone, R. W.(1994).A structural equation model of end-user satisfaction with a computer-based medical information system.Information Resources Management Journal,7(3),21-33.
16. Hu, L. T.,Bentler, P. M.(1999).Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives.Structural Equation Modeling,6(1),1-55.
17. Jackson, G. L.,Trail, T. E.,Kennedy, D. P.,Williamson, H. C.,Bradbury, T. N.,Karney, B. R.(2016).The salience and severity of relationship problems among low income couples.Journal of Family Psychology,30(1),2-11.
18. Jones, F.(Ed.),Burke, R. J.(Ed.),Westman, M.(Ed.)(2006).Work-life Balance: A Psychological Perspective.New York:Psychology Press.
19. Karney, B. R.,Bradbury, T. N.(1995).The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research.Psychological Bulletin,118(1),3-34.
20. Ledermann, T.,Bodenmann, G.,Rudaz, M.,Bradbury, T. N.(2010).Stress, communication, and marital quality in couples.Family Relations,59(2),195-206.
21. Ledermann, T.,Macho, S.,Kenny, D. A.(2011).Assessing mediation in dyadic data using the actor-partner interdependence model.Structural Equation Modeling,18(4),595-612.
22. Miller, N. B.,Kannae, L. A.(1999).Predicting marital quality in Ghana.Journal of Comparative Family Studies,30(4),599-615.
23. Neff, L. A.,Karney, B. R.(2004).How does context affect intimate relationships? Linking external stress and cognitive processes within marriage.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,30(2),134-148.
24. Randall, A. K.,Bodenmann, G.(2017).Stress and its associations with relationship satisfaction.Current Opinion in Psychology,13,96-106.
25. Randall, A. K.,Bodenmann, G.(2009).The role of stress on close relationships and marital satisfaction.Clinical Psychology Review,29(2),105-115.
26. Rogge, R. D.,Bradbury, T. N.(1999).Till violence does us part: The differing roles of communication and aggression in predicting adverse marital outcomes.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,67(3),340-351.
27. Rogge, R. D.,Bradbury, T. N.,Hahlweg, K.,Engl, J.,Thurmaier, F.(2006).Predicting marital distress and dissolution: Refining the two-factor hypothesis.Journal of Family Psychology,20(1),156-159.
28. Schumacker, R. E.,Lomax, R. G.(2004).A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling.psychology press.
29. Traa, M. J.,De Vries, J.,Bodenmann, G.,Den Oudsten, B. L.(2015).Dyadic coping and relationship functioning in couples coping with cancer: A systematic review.British Journal of Health Psychology,20(1),85-114.
30. Xiao, J.,Moriyama, T.,Kanade, T.,Cohn, J. F.(2003).Robust full-motion recovery of head by dynamic templates and re-registration techniques.International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology,13(1),85-94.
31. Xu, F.,Hilpert, P.,Nussbeck, F. W.,Bodenmann, G.(2016).Testing stress and dyadic coping processes in Chinese couples.International Journal of Stress Management,25(1),84-95.
32. 利翠珊(1995)。夫妻互動歷程之探討：以台北地區年輕丈夫妻子為歷的一項初探性研究。本土心理學研究，4，260-321。
33. 利翠珊(1997)。婚姻中親密關係的形成與發展。中華心理衛生學刊，10(4)，101-128。
34. 周玉慧(2005)。回首從前、期待未來的夫妻關係研究。應用心理研究，25，12-13。
35. 周玉慧(2007)。夫妻間衝突因應策略之類型變遷及其長期影響。中華心理學刊，53(2)，229-253。
36. 周玉慧(2004)。夫妻對偶互動關係。應用心理研究，24，63-64。
37. 陳耀茂(2021).入門結構方程式─Amos 應用.五南圖書出版股份有限公司.