後熟溫度對番荔枝‘臺東二號’果實品質之影響

The Effect of Post-harvest Temperature on Fruit Quality of 'Taitung No.2' Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa L.)

江淑雯(Shu-Wen Jiang)；張芳魁(Fang-Kuei Chang)；陳筱鈞(Hsiao-Chun Chen)；盧柏松(Po-Song Lu)

番荔枝 ； 溫度 ； 後熟 ； 品質 ； 果皮顏色 ； Sugar apple ； Temperature ； Post-harvest ； Quality ； Peel color

臺東區農業改良場研究彙報

34輯（2024 / 06 / 01）

59 - 68

繁體中文;英文

為探討番荔枝‘臺東二號’採後不同溫度貯藏對果實後熟及品質之影響，本研究將果實置於20°C、25°C、30°C及35°C等4種溫度下後熟，調查後熟速度及果實品質。試驗結果顯示，釋迦不同貯藏溫度處理，夏期果僅35°C處理有7.5%外觀褐點、32.5%果心褐點及22.5%後熟不均外，其餘溫度處理果實外觀及品質均正常；果實之後熟日數、果實失重率及果肉口感在處理間有顯著差異，果皮色差及全可溶性固形物含量在處理間無顯著差異；夏期果以35°C處理者表現最差，20°C-30°C處理果實可正常後熟，果實外觀及品質皆佳。冬期果也有類似表現，僅35°C處理有12.5%外觀褐點、22.5%果心褐點及2.5%後熟不均外，其餘溫度處理果實外觀及品質均正常；果實之後熟日數、果實失重率及全可溶性固形物在處理間有顯著差異，果皮色差僅果皮色彩（H*）在處理間有顯著差異。整體表現以20°C-30°C處理果實可正常後熟，果實外觀及品質皆佳。

In order to study the effect of different post-harvest temperature on the fruits ripening and quality of 'Taitung No. 2' sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.), this research stored the fruits at the 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C condition, then investigated the quality of summer fruit and winter fruit. The result showed that summer fruit only which treated with 35°C had 7.5% of fruit appeared brown spot at peel, 32.5% of fruit showed core brown spot and 22.5% of fruit had uneven ripening, while the other temperature treatment had normal appearance and quality. There was significant difference in soft-ripening days, weight loss rate and pulp taste, but there was no significant difference in chromatic aberration and total soluble solid. Based on above, the summer fruits stored in 35°C showed worst performance, fruits treated with 20°C to 30°C could be soft and ripen normally, and the appearance and quality of fruit would be good. Winter fruits had the similar behaviors. Only the 35°C treatment showed 12.5% of fruit appeared brown spot at peel, 22.5% of fruit showed core brown spot and 2.5% of fruit had uneven ripening. The fruit appearance and quality of other treatment were normal. There was significant difference in soft-ripening days, weight loss rate and total soluble solid among the treatment. The chromatic aberration of peel had the significant difference in H* value among the treatment. Overall, fruit stored in 20°C to 30°C could ripe normally, the appearance and quality were good.