論蒲松齡之折獄思想

Pu Song-ling's Perspectives on Adjudication

10.29989/ZGWHDXZWXB.200804.0007

陳英仕(Ying-Shih Chen)

蒲松齡 ； 聊齋志異 ； 公案小說 ； 折獄思想 ； 清代律法 ； PU SONG LING ； LIAO ZHAI ZHI YI ； crime novels ； perspectives on adjudication ； law in Qing Dynasty

中國文化大學中文學報

16期（2008 / 04 / 01）

89 - 100

繁體中文

蒲松齡為人耿介磊落，不趨炎附勢，敢於針砭時弊。雖受挫場屋，無緣台閣，但從他為鄉里排難解紛並使眾服的事蹟來看，仍然無法掩其經世之才，也可看出蒲公對於裁決爭訟確實是有一套精闢的見解和豐富心得的，而此亦能視為其折獄思想的實踐與反映。歸結蒲公之折獄思想，一言以蔽之，即「仁德」二字。希冀天下之臨民者、審案官以仁為本、以民為念；奉職循理、依法而行。惜哉！蒲公雖研得為官之道，並具進步的治民理想與折獄之才，但英雄卻無用武之地，只好著述宣志，以表其衷。本文試從《聊齋志異》之公案故事，以及蒲公其他著述中，一探蒲松齡折獄思想之具體內容，見其梗概。

Pu Song-ling, straight and never curries favor with influential people, is brave enough to disclose defects of the society. Although he does not perform well in the qualifying exam for an official position, he is still a person with outstanding ability. For example, he helps his townsmen solve problems and settle disputes, which arouse the admiration of the public. The above instances show that Pu Song-ling adjudicates lawsuits according to his unique perspectives. Briefly speaking, Pu Song-ling's perspectives on adjudication can be represented by the word ”benevolence”. He expects that emperors and adjudicators can consider the public's welfare with benevolence and make their decision according to the law. It is a pity that Pu Song-ling has progressive ideas of being an ideal government official but fails to find a stage to get his ideas into practice. He finally writes books to make his adjudicative conception widely known instead. This study attempts to investigate the concrete content of Pu Song-ling's perspectives on adjudication from his work Liaozhai Zhiyi and his other works.