資料包絡分析法最佳權重之研究－以台灣醫學中心為例

The Study on Optimal Weight of Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case Study of Taiwan Medical Center

魏慶國(Ching-Kuo Wei)；李榮貴(Rong-Kwei Li)；陳亮志(Liang-Chih Chen)

資料包絡分析法 ； 權重限制 ； 超級效率 ； 群集分析 ； 醫學中心 ； Data Envelopment Analysis ； Weight Restriction ； Super Efficiency ； Clsuter Analysis ； Medical Center

管理與系統

18卷3期（2011 / 07 / 01）

505 - 527

繁體中文

權重是資料包絡分析法（Data Envelopment Analysis; DEA）的主要議題之一，相關之理論研究指出許多DEA的數學模式隱藏著多餘的權重限制，而多餘的權重限制會造成無法表達特定投入產出關係、低估效率值等兩個問題。為證實多餘權重限制的理論研究，本研究將權重作轉換，並以台灣醫學中心為實例探討權重限制的意義與影響。此外，本研究還以最佳權重為變項作群集分析更深入地分析權重。研究中，為符合案例的需求，本研究先結合超級效率（super efficiency）的概念發展新的數學模式，用以評估高效決策單位（decision making unit; DMU）並避免多餘權重限制對其的影響。而案例評估的結果顯示，高效DMU的差異較低效DMU的差異大，且多餘的權重限制是造成效率值差異的原因之一，因此未來之研究可用新的DEA-R超級效率模式代替舊有的CCR超級效率模式，以避免高效DMU被低估、投入產出關係無法表達等問題。而群集分析的結果則顯示多餘權重限制對最佳權重的影響很明顯。此外，藉由群集分析可以幫助各DMU了解自身與整體之關係，有助於醫療院所發展其獨特的生存策略。

Weight is a popular issue in DEA field. Prior researches pointed out that many DEA models include the needless weight restriction, which causes the expression problem of specific input-output relationship and underestimation of efficiency. Following their researches, this research developed extended model and applied it to the case study of Taiwan medical centers for understanding the effect of needless weight restriction. Besides, this research analyzed optimal weight by cluster analysis. The result showed that the underestimations of efficient DMUs are bigger than in-efficient DMUs and the needless weight restriction really causes underestimation. And the result of cluster analysis showed that cluster analysis can help medical centers to find out their relationships with other institutions and develop their unique strategies.

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