题名

產品來源國聯想與廣告訊息不一致之廣告效果

并列篇名

The Effects of Incongruity between the Product Country-of-Origin Associations and Advertising Messages

作者

林正士(Cheng-Shih Lin);練乃華(Nai-Hwa Lien);周軒逸(Hsuan-Yi Chou)

关键词

來源國 ; 基模理論 ; 不一致效果 ; Country of Origin ; Schema Theory ; Effects of Incongruity

期刊名称

管理與系統

卷期/出版年月

19卷3期(2012 / 07 / 01)

页次

409 - 431

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

過去廣告訊息的不一致效果被廣泛討論,但鮮少研究將產品來源國視為不一致的訊息基模,究竟來源國聯想與廣告訊息的不一致程度如何影響產品評估?仍有待研究。故本研究聚焦於產品來源國基模,深入探討來源國聯想與廣告訊息(標題/圖片)不一致程度的廣告效果、作用機制及適用情況。實驗結果顯示:不一致程度可顯著影響廣告效果,中度不一致,相較於完全一致、極端不一致,可產生較佳的淨產品相關想法、廣告態度、產品態度,而其態度效果主要是透過消費者的好奇/興趣情緒所中介,另外,消費者的獨斷性、認知需求程度可干擾中度不一致的廣告效果,中度不一致的訊息對於低獨斷性、高認知需求者,可發揮較佳效果。

英文摘要

The effects of advertising message incongruity have been widely discussed, but the conclusions are still varied. Recently, several studies have provided a few insights on how the degree of incongruity between attitudinal objects and their associated schemas affects consumers' message processing and judgment, demonstrating that moderate incongruity is more effective in advertising than extreme congruity and incongruity. However, few incongruity-related studies explore the role and effects of product country-of-origin (COO) information or COO-based schema. Therefore, this paper focuses on COO-based schema and explores how consumers respond to the incongruent information in advertising that is generated by the relationship between COO-based associations and advertising headlines/pictures. The experimental results indicate that the degree of incongruity has a significant impact on advertising effectiveness. Moderate incongruity elicits more favorable product-related thoughts and attitudes from consumers toward advertisements and products than extreme congruity and incongruity. Consumers' curiosity and interest positively mediate the effects of incongruity on their attitudinal responses. Moreover, consumers' individual traits, including dogmatism and need for cognition, moderate the effects of incongruity on advertisements. The implication of these and other findings are discussed.

主题分类 基礎與應用科學 > 統計
社會科學 > 財金及會計學
社會科學 > 管理學
参考文献
  1. 教育部統計處, http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=8869,教育部網站 (搜尋時間:民國99 年7 月15 日)
  2. 梁俊鵬,「秋季COAT 衣展」, http://www.post-easy.com/viewthread.php?action=printable&tid=18460,蘋果日報,民國97 年 (搜尋時間:民國99 年7 月14 日)
  3. Aaker, L. J.(1997).Dimensions of Brand Personality.Journal of Marketing Research,34(3),347-356.
  4. Ahmed, S. A.,d'Astous, A.(1999).Product-Country Image in Canada and in the People's Republic of China.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,11(11),5-22.
  5. Ahmed, Z. U.,Johnson, J. P.,Yang, X.,Fatt, C. K.,Teng, H. S.,Boon, L. C.(2004).Does Country of Origin Matter for Low-Involvement Products?.International Marketing Review,21(1),102-120.
  6. Alba, W. J.,Hutchinson, J. W.(1987).Dimensions of Consumer Expertise.Journal of Consumer Research,13(4),411-454.
  7. Alden, D. L.,Mukherjee, A.,Hoyer, W. D.(2000).The Effects of Incongruity, Surprise and Positive Moderators on Perceived Humor in Television Advertising.Journal of Advertising,29(2),1-15.
  8. Baron, R. M.,Kenny, D. A.(1986).The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51(6),1173-1182.
  9. Bilkey, W. J.,Nes, E.(1982).Country-of-Origin Effects on Product Evaluations.Journal of International Business studies,13(1),89-99.
  10. Browne, B.,Kaldenberg, D.(1997).Conceptualizing Self-Monitoring: Links to Materialism and Product Involvement.Journal of Consumer Marketing,14(1),31-44.
  11. Cacioppo, J. T.,Petty, R. E.(1982).The Need for Cognition.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,42(1),116-131.
  12. Cacioppo, J. T.,Petty, R. E.,Kao, C. F.(1984).The Efficient Assessment of Need for Cognition.Journal of Personality Assessment,48(3),306-307.
  13. Campbell, M.C.,Goodstein, R C.(2001).The Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk on Consumers' Evaluations of Product Incongruity: Preference for the Norm.Journal of Consumer Research,28(3),439-449.
  14. Chao, P.(2001).The Moderating Effects of Country of Assembly, Country of Parts, and Country of Design on Hybrid Product Evaluations.Journal of Advertising,30(4),67-81.
  15. Chiou, J.-S.(2003).The Impact of Country of Origin on Pretrial and Posttrial Product Evaluations: The Moderating Effect of Consumer Expertise.Psychology & Marketing,20(10),935-954.
  16. Dimofte, C. V.,Forehand, M. R.,Deshpande, R.(2003).Ad Schema Incongruity as Elicitor of Ethnic Self-Awareness and Differential Advertising Response.Journal of Advertising,32(4),7-17.
  17. Erdem, T.,Swait, J.(1998).Brand Equity as a Signaling Phenomenon.Journal of Consumer Psychology,7(2),131-157.
  18. Erickson, G. M.,Johansson, J. K.,Chao, P.(1984).Image Variables in Multi-Attitude Product Evaluations: Country-of-Origin Effects.Journal of Consumer Research,11(1),694-699.
  19. Festervand, T. A.,Lumpkin, J. R.,Lundstrom, W. J.(1985).Consumers' Perceptions of Imports: An Update and Extension.Akron Business and Economic Review,16(1),31-36.
  20. Fiske, S. T.,Taylor, S.(1991).Social Cognition.New York:McGraw-Hill.
  21. Flynn, L.,Goldsmith, R.(1999).A Short, Reliable Measure of Subjective Knowledge.Journal of Business Research,46(1),57-66.
  22. Gardner, M. P.,Mitchell, A. A.,Russo, J. E.(1985).Low Involvement Strategies for Processing Advertisements.Journal of Advertising,14(2),4-12.
  23. Goodstein, R. C.(1993).Category-Based Applications and Extensions in Advertising: Motivating More Extensive Ad Processing.Journal of Consumer Research,20(1),87-99.
  24. Hallahan, K.(2008).Need for Cognition as Motivation to Process Publicity and Advertising.Journal of Promotion Management,14(3/4),169-194.
  25. Han, C. M.(1989).Country Image: Halo or Summary Construct?.Journal of Marketing Research,26(4),222-229.
  26. Han, C. M.,Terpstra, V.(1988).Country-of-Origin Effects for Uni-National and Bi-National Products.Journal of International Business Studies,19(2),235-255.
  27. Haugtvedt, C. P.,Petty, R. E.,Cacioppo, J. T.(1992).Need for Cognition and Advertising: Understanding the Role of Personality Variables in Consumer Behavior.Journal of Consumer Psychology,1(3),239-260.
  28. Heckler, S. E.,Childers, T. L.(1992).The Role of Expectancy and Relevancy in Memory for Verbal and Visual Information: What Is Incongruency?.Journal of Consumer Research,18(1),475-492.
  29. Holbrook, M. B.,Batra, R.(1987).Assessing the Role of Emotions as Mediators of Consumer Responses to Advertising.Journal of Consumer Research,14(3),404-420.
  30. Johansson, J. K.,Douglas, S. P.,Nonaka, I.(1985).Assessing the Impact of Country of Origin on Product Evaluations: A New Methodological Perspective.Journal of Marketing Research,22(4),388-396.
  31. Kamins, M. A.,Gupta, K.(1994).Congruence between Spokesperson and Product Type: A Matchup Hypotheses Perspective.Psychology & Marketing,11(6),569-586.
  32. Lange, F.,Dahlen, M.(2003).Let's Be Strange: Brand Familiarity and Ad-Brand Incongruency.The Journal of Product and Brand Management,12(7),449-461.
  33. Lee, J.-G.,Thorson, E.(2008).The Impact of Celebrity-Product Incongruence on the Effectiveness of Product Endorsement.Journal of Advertising Research,48(3),433-449.
  34. Lee, S.,Johnson, Z.,He, X.(2009).Brand Origin or Product Origin? The Effects of Country of Origin Fit on Brand Evaluation.Advances in Consumer Research,36,1013-1014.
  35. Lee, Y. H.(2000).Manipulating Ad Message Involvement through Information Expectancy: Effects on Attitude Evaluation and Confidence.Journal of Advertising,29(2),156-169.
  36. Lee, Y. H.,Mason, C.(1999).Responses to Information Incongruency in Advertising: The Role of Expectancy, Relevancy, and Humor.Journal of Consumer Research,26(3),156-169.
  37. Lim, J. S.,Darley, W. K.,Summers, J. O.(1994).An Assessment of Country-of-Origin Effects Under Alternative Presentation Formats.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,22(3),274-282.
  38. Lim, K.,O'Cass, A.(2001).Consumer Brand Classifications: An Assessment of Culture-of-Origin versus Country-of-Origin.The Journal of Product and Brand Management,10(2),120-136.
  39. Lin, L. Y.,Chen, C. S.(2006).The Influence of the Country-of-Origin Image, Product Knowledge and Product Involvement on Consumer Purchase Decisions: An Empirical Study of Insurance and Catering Services in Taiwan.Journal of Consumer Marketing,23(5),248-265.
  40. Maheswaran, D.(1994).Country of Origin as a Stereotype: Effects of Consumer Expertise and Attribute Strength on Product Evaluations.Journal of Consumer Research,21(2),354-365.
  41. Mandler, G.(1982).The Structure of Value: Accounting for Taste.Affect and Cognition: The Seventeenth Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition,Hillsdale, NJ:
  42. Manrai, L. A.,Manrai, A. K.(1993).Positioning European Country as Brands in a Perceptual Map: An Empirical Study of Determinants of Consumer Perceptions and Preference.Journal of Euro Marketing,2(3),101-129.
  43. Meyers-Levy, J.,Louie, T. A.,Curren, M. T.(1994).How Does the Congruity of Brand Names Affect Evaluations of Brand Name Extensions?.Journal of Applied Psychology,79(1),46-53.
  44. Meyers-Levy, J.,Tybout, A. M.(1989).Schema Congruity as a Basis for Product Evaluation.Journal of Consumer Research,16(1),39-54.
  45. Muehling, D. D.,Sprott, D. E.(2004).The Power of Reflection: An Empirical Examination of Nostalgia Advertising Effects.Journal of Advertising,33(3),25-35.
  46. Nagashima, A.(1970).A Comparison of Japanese and U.S. Attitudes toward Foreign Products.Journal of Marketing,34(1),68-74.
  47. O'Cass, A.(2000).An Assessment of Consumers Product, Purchase Decision, Advertising and Consumption Involvement in Fashion Clothing.Journal of Economic Psychology,21(5),545-576.
  48. Orth, U. R.,Holancova, D.(2003).Consumer Response to Sex Role Portrayals in Advertisements.Journal of Advertising,32(4),77-89.
  49. Paddock, C. E.,Swanson, N. E.(1987).Open versus Closed Minds: The Effect of Dogmatism on an Analyst's Problem-Solving Behavior.Journal of Management Information Systems,3(3),111-122.
  50. Parameswaran, R.,Pisharodi, R. M.(1994).Facets of Country of Origin Image: An Empirical Assessment.Journal of Advertising,23(1),43-56.
  51. Peracchio, L. A.,Tybout, A. M.(1996).The Moderating Role of Prior Knowledge in Schema-Based Product Evaluation.Journal of Consumer Research,23(3),177-192.
  52. Reisenwitz, T. H.,Cutler, B. D.(1998).Dogmatism and Internet Usage by University Students: Are Dogmatics Late Adopters?.Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice,6(2),43-50.
  53. Rokeach, M.(1960).The Open and Closed Mind.New York:Basic Books.
  54. Roth, M. S.,Romeo, J. B.(1992).Matching Product Category and Country Image Perceptions: A Framework for Managing Country-of-Origin Effects.Journal of International Business Studies,23(3),477-497.
  55. Schiffman, L. G.,Kanuk, L. L.(2006).Consumer Behavior.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall.
  56. Schooler, R. D.(1971).Bias Phenomena Attendant to the Marketing of Foreign Goods in the U.S..Journal of International Business Studies,2(1),71-80.
  57. Shaffer, D. R.,Hendrick, C.(1974).Dogmatism and Tolerance for Ambiguity as Determinants of Differential Reactions to Cognitive Inconsistency.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,29(5),601-608.
  58. Shimp, T. A.,Sharma, S.(1987).Consumer Ethnocentrism: Construct Validation of the CETSCALE.Journal of Marketing Research,24(3),280-289.
  59. Sujan, M.(1985).Misleading Characteristics of Implied-Superiority Claims.Journal of Advertising,18(4),54-61.
  60. Verlebh, P. W. J.,Steenkamp, J.-B. E. M.(1999).A Review and Meta-Analysis of Country-of-Origin Research.Journal of Economic Psychology,20(5),521-546.
  61. Whipple, T. W.,Courtney, A. E.(1980).How to Portray Woman in TV Commercials.Journal of Advertising Research,20(2),53-59.
  62. Wong, K. A.,Folkes, V.(2008).Country-of-Origin Effects on Consumers' Attribution and Word-of-Mouth Communication about Services.Advances in Consumer Research,35,1029-1032.
  63. Wright, P.(1986).Schemer Schema: Consumers' Intuitive Theories about Marketers' Influence Tactics.Advances in Consumer Research,13,1-3.
  64. 張志嘉(1997)。輔仁大學應用統計學研究所。
被引用次数
  1. 周軒逸、任容(2016)。外來語更有吸引力?日語符碼轉換廣告之效果。行銷評論,13(3),313-344。