题名

王昌齡五古、七絕於歷代唐詩選本梗概抉微-兼論「七絕聖手」之形塑

并列篇名

An Insight into Wang Chang Ling's Five-Character and Seven-Character Poems Selected into Tang Poetry Anthologies in Various Dynasties-Also Discussing the Establishment of Wang's Fame of "Poet Laureate of the Seven-Character Poem"

作者

邱冠儒(Chiu, Kuan-Ru)

关键词

王昌齡 ; 李白 ; 五古 ; 七絕聖手 ; 唐詩選本 ; Wang Chang Ling ; Li Bai ; Five-Character Poem ; Poet Laureate of the Seven-Character Poem ; Tang poetry anthology

期刊名称

東海中文學報

卷期/出版年月

41期(2021 / 06 / 01)

页次

35 - 70

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文考察歷代唐詩選本中王昌齡詩之選錄梗概,欲勾勒「七絕聖手」之所由。揆諸史料,唐宋元六百年間龍標詩以五古為宗,七絕為次。但至明初高棅《唐詩品彙》,趨勢一轉,龍標七絕在文人視域中佔據高位,五古則逐漸消失在文人視野。至清代中葉後,選錄狀況又為之一變,於《唐詩別裁集》、《手批唐詩選》中,王昌齡七絕、五古呈雙峰並峙,七絕略高之態。又曠觀史論,李白絕句乃「唐三百年一人」,然「七絕聖手」之稱卻為王昌齡所奪,此間隱微仍待商榷。職是之故,筆者考察「七絕聖手」之脈絡,是知此乃由明末胡應麟、許學夷等人開始形塑,清代沈德潛、喬億賡續之,終由潘德輿提出「聖手」一詞,七絕聖手遂脈流渠成。而此亦影響李白與王昌齡七絕優劣之論,王、李優劣概分為三,李優王劣、王優李劣、王李比肩。有明一朝,李白以非人力可及之七絕為勝,時入清代,因入聖意象形塑完成,王李比肩成學術主流,甚有王優李劣之論。綜論之,七絕為宗之跡象以唐詩選本為先,經明代選本推波助瀾,「七絕聖手」之論明末方興,而有清一代,唐詩選本重七絕趨勢未改,聖手之論亦逐漸衡定,兩者之間,可謂桴鼓相應。

英文摘要

This paper discussed how Wang Chang Ling's poems were selected into Tang poetry anthology over the various dynasties in an attempt to provide a general idea about how Wang's fame of "Poet Laureate of Seven-Character Poems" was established. According to a comprehensive review of historical data collected in Tang, Sung and Yuan Dynasties, five-character poems were regarded as the canon of poetry form while seven-character poems were considered less important. This point is judged from the major type of Wang's poems selected into anthology published before Yuan was five-character poem. However, in Gao Bing's Collection of Tang Poetry of the early Ming Dynasty, selection criteria were reversed when litterateurs regarded Wang's seven-character poems as his most distinguished poetry form and started to lose their interests in his five-character poems from then on. In the middle period of Qing Dynasty, selection criteria were changed once again. According to Analogy of Tang Poetry and Criticisms of Tang Poems, both of Wang Chang Ling's seven-character poems and five-character poems were regarded as his most distinguished poetry forms although seven-character poems was a little more popular. This article also explore the context of Wang's fame of "Poet Laureate of Seven-Character Poems" in an attempt to find out how this title came into existence. According to the research results, a number of litterateurs such as Hu Ying Lin and Xu Xue Yi came up with various titles similar to "Shengshou"(聖手,Poet Laureate) in the late Ming Dynasty. In Qing Dynasty, litterateurs such as Shen De Qian and Chao Yi continued to introduce various titles related to "Divine Master." Eventually, "Shengshou" was officially settled by Pan Te Yu. This is how Wang Chang Ling was entitled as "Poet Laureate of the Seven-Character Poem".

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
人文學 > 語言學
人文學 > 中國文學
参考文献
  1. 陳美朱(2003)。論《詩歸》中的別趣奇理──兼論鍾、譚選詩與論詩要旨的落差。中國文哲研究通訊,13(3)
    連結:
  2. 黃景進(2003)。王昌齡的意境論。國文學誌,7
    連結:
  3. 劉希珍(2016)。論王昌齡《詩格》的三境──對中國學界兩大詮釋取向的檢討。中國學術年刊,38
    連結:
  4. (2005).全明詩話.濟南:齊魯書社.
  5. (1983).文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  6. (1983).文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  7. (1983).文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  8. (1973).古今詩話續編.臺北:廣文書局.
  9. (2002).續修四庫全書.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  10. (1983).文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  11. (2005).全明詩話.濟南:齊魯書社.
  12. (1983).清詩話續編.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  13. (1985).清詩話續編.臺北:藝文印書館.
  14. (1985).清詩話續編.臺北:藝文印書館.
  15. (1985).清詩話續編.臺北:藝文印書館.
  16. (2003).歷代詩話統編.北京:北京圖書館出版社.
  17. (1985).清詩話續編.臺北:藝文印書館.
  18. (2005).全明詩話.濟南:齊魯書社.
  19. (1983).文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  20. (2014).清詩話三編.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  21. (1985).清詩話續編.臺北:藝文印書館.
  22. (2002).續修四庫全書.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  23. (2002).續修四庫全書.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  24. (宋)王安石(1981).唐百家詩選.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  25. (明)王世懋(1972).藝圃擷餘.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  26. (明)李攀龍(1978).古今詩刪.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
  27. (明)李攀龍(選),(明)蔣一葵(箋釋)(1997).唐詩選.臺南:莊嚴文化出版社.
  28. (明)許學夷,杜維沫(校點)(1987).詩源辯體.北京:人民文學出版社.
  29. (唐)元結(選)(1975).唐人選唐詩.臺北:河洛圖書出版社.
  30. (唐)王昌齡,李國勝(注)(1973).王昌齡詩校注.臺北:文史哲出版社.
  31. (唐)李白,(清)王琦(注)(2010).李太白全集.北京:中華書局.
  32. (清)王夫之(1996).船山全書.長沙:嶽麓書社.
  33. 清.王堯衢,《唐詩合解箋注》,清掃葉山房藏板刻本,「美國哈佛大學燕京圖書館數位典藏」,光緒 26 年(1900),http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990070057000203941/catalog,瀏覽時間:2021 年 2 月 12 日
  34. (清)王闓運(1979).湘綺樓說詩.臺北:鼎文書局.
  35. (清)沈德潛(2013).唐詩別裁集.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  36. 清.袁嘉穀,《臥雪詩話》,雲南崇文印書館印,「美國哈佛大學燕京圖書館數位典藏」,1924 年,http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990076147240203941/catalog,瀏覽時間:2020 年 7 月 15 日。
  37. (清)閔爾昌(1959).碑傳集補.臺北:藝文印書館.
  38. 清.劉文蔚,《唐詩合選詳解》,河內:美文堂藏板,「漢喃文獻古籍典藏數位化計畫」,嗣德 2 年(1849)刻本,http://lib.nomfoundation.org/collection/1/volume/968/,瀏覽時間:2021 年 2 月 12 日。
  39. 清.潘承松,《杜詩偶評》,賦閒草堂藏板,「美國哈佛大學燕京圖書館數位典藏」,乾隆 12 年(1747 年)刊本,http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990081030350203941/catalog,瀏覽時間:2020 年 7 月 15 日。
  40. 王兆鵬(2014).一本就通:必讀唐詩 100 大.臺北:聯經出版事業股份有限公司.
  41. 王宇可(1994)。王昌齡、李益邊塞詩作異同論。成都大學學報(社會科學版),1994(3)
  42. 呂玉華(2004).唐人選唐詩述論.臺北:文津出版有限公司.
  43. 呂光華(2005).今存十種唐人選唐詩考.新北:花木蘭文化工作坊.
  44. 沈紹輝(1982)。試論王昌齡七絕的藝術特色。延安大學學報(社會科學版),1982(4)
  45. 孫琴安(2005).唐詩選本提要.上海:上海書店出版社.
  46. 高鋒(1993)。秦月漢關寄愁心——王昌齡邊塞詩評析。鎮江師專學報(社會科學版),1993(4)
  47. 高靜(2015)。王昌齡與李益的閨怨詩比較。河北大學文學院,40(1)
  48. 張左軍(1986)。王昌齡七言絕句的藝術特色。西北師大學報(社會科學版),1986(4)
  49. 畢士奎(1994)。試論王昌齡七絕的美學特征。內蒙古師大學報(哲學社會科學版),1994(3)
  50. 陳伯海(編)(2016).唐詩總集纂要.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  51. 陳伯海(編)(2015).唐詩論評類編.上海:上海古籍出版社.
  52. 陳美朱(2015).明清唐詩選本之杜詩選評比較.臺北:臺灣學生書局有限公司.
  53. 陳斌(2012)。徐獻忠生平及詩學著述考。福建師範大學學報(哲學社會科學版),2012(3)
  54. 傅璇琮(編),陳尚君(編),徐俊(編)(2014).唐人選唐詩新編.北京:中華書局.
  55. 賀嚴(2007).清代唐詩選本研究.北京:人民出版社.
  56. 蔡宗齊(2018)。唯識三類境與王昌齡詩學三境說。文學遺產,2018(1)