From Cultural Skin to Cultural Therapeutics: Body, Alterity and Media Image Experience

從文化肌膚到文化心理治療：身體、他者性與媒介形象經驗

10.30095/SYJH.200506.0004

龔卓軍(Jow-Jiun Gong)

文化肌膚 ； 文化心理治療 ； 身體 ； 他者性 ； 媒介形象經驗 ； 梅洛龐蒂 ； 德勒茲 ； 乙德 ； 詹明信 ； 羅曼尼辛 ； cultural skin ； cultural therapeutics ； body ； alterity ； media image experience ； Merleau-Ponty ； Deleuze ； Ihde ； Jameson ； Romanyshyn

中山人文學報

20期（2005 / 06 / 01）

47 - 62

英文

本論文首先透過梅洛龐蒂(Merleau-Ponty)的電影現象學，揭示一種嶄新的完形心理學，說明科技媒介中介下的人類存在置身處境，並討論隱含其中的梅洛龐蒂晚期存有學中的「他者性」(alterity)問題與視覺經驗之問的關聯。其次，透過德勒茲(Dleuze)對梅洛龐蒂電影現象學的批判，本文發現梅洛龐蒂對電影的看法，不僅止於將媒介體驗視為相對於自然身體經驗下的「二手體驗」，而認為電影有其獨立語言，但是，顯然完形與「意向性」，的分析並不足以從電影經驗本身為其建立獨特的哲學論述。第三點，究其不足之處，本文認為涉及了文化肌膚(cultural skin)一下的科技心理學(techno-psychology)的內在問題，而不僅是「身體意向性」的問題；透過麥克魯漢(McLuhan)對「文化肌膚」與「科技心理學」的論述及詹明信(Jameson)與現象學家羅曼尼辛(Romanyshyn)、乙德(Ihde)的描述還原，本文檢討了隱藏其中的現代性視讀經驗與後現代風格的影像觀看經驗，在這兩種不同心智與身體狀態的經驗當中，本文企圖尋繹出一條當代文化肌膚經驗中的文化心理治療(cultural therapeutics)的可能道路，並且據以重新詮釋梅洛龐蒂晚期存有學的「他者性」意涵。

In this paper, firstly, I would argue that a ”new psychology,” hidden in the technically mediated situatedness evoked by Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of cinema, will be an important clue for a thematic study of the issue of alterity in Merleau-Ponty's ”new ontology.” Secondly, I would argue that Deleuze was wrong when he identified the media image experience for phenomenology merely as a derivative or secondary experience in comparison with natural perceptual visual experience, but he indeed found the notion of ”intentionality” insufficient for declaring a philosophy of film. Thirdly, through the critique of Deleuze, I would argue that if this ”new psychology” of ”second intentionality” implies a techno-psychology in cultural skin, in the sense of McLuhan and Jameson, of contemporary daily media image experience and a possible cultural therapeutics, whose embodiment will have to be based upon a new ontology of alterity. And we will use the phenomenological analyses of media image experience by Don Ihde and Robert Romanyshyn as clues to prove this ontology of alterity as reversibility and écart via technological embodiment.

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