英文摘要
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This paper aims at a critical discussion of notions such as "reality," "thing," "nature," from a phenomenological perspective. The focus is put on the conventional opposition, within reality, of what pertains to nature to what pertains to human culture, trying to elucidate the consistency of this classical difference with regard to Japanese gardens as a heuristic means of reflection. Concerning the questions of what is to be regarded as the nature of a thing, and what is natural, this paper takes advantage of Japanese gardens as kind of a phenomenological experimentation field, in order to clarify several major phenomena as to their phenomenal content and status. As soon as philosophy takes a phenomenological or aesthetical attitude towards such gardens, they most inspiringly reveal an essential intertwinement between the seemingly contradictory spheres of the natural and the cultural. Thus the main thesis put forward here is that this strong conceptual opposition cannot be maintained, as there the natural and the man-made exhibit sort of a mutual interrelatedness and communication. Also the human body plays a major role in disclosing this dynamic correspondence between nature and culture. While elaborating on phenomenological evidence for this point of view, this paper also largely is indebted to Ryōsuke Ōhashi's leading paradoxical concept of "cut-continuity," as based on observations of aesthetical phenomena.
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