元代散曲、詩詞中的女子足球

The Condition of Woman Football in the Poems of the Yuan Dynasty

10.6222/pej.0023.199709.3103

張生平(Sheng-Ping Chang)；陳應仁(Ying-Ren Chen)

女片兒香皮 ； 女校尉 ； 圓 ； 臁 ； Football ； girl football player ； Tzu Chu ； lian

體育學報

23期（1997 / 09 / 01）

25 - 36

繁體中文

古代足球（蹴鞠）到了元代已進入衰落期。元以前沒有男女對踢的記載，元代文人墨客為我們留下了為數不少有關散曲、詩詞的足球篇章。關漢卿等人的散曲、詩詞中記述了男女對踢的情景，但這種突破封建禮教的束縛，已不是男女間尋求自身的娛樂，而是以婦女踢球為一種伎藝供他人欣賞。薩都刺《妓女蹴鞠》散曲中說：「罷畢了歌舞花前宴，習學成齊雲天下圓」。因此，踢球和歌舞一樣，都是宴會上的伎藝。可見踢球成為妓女們娛客的手段。 從宋代文學作品與元代散曲、詩詞中所反映的事實可知，元代踢球娛樂的社會性是縮小了。但從另一個角度來看，元代女子足球卻是古代女子足球的興盛期。

Ancient football (Tzu Chu) had fallen into decline in the Yuan dynasty. There is no record of man and woman playing ball together before the Yuan dynasty, however in the poems and literal work of such Yuan dynasty poet like Guan Han Qing, situation where man and woman played together was described, but this kind of breaking the law of manner was not for the enjoyment of oneself, but providing show ”woman playing ball” for an audience. In Sa Dou Ci poem” After party in the garden, then learn to playing football”. As we can see, ball playing, like singing, was thought of as a show, and woman consider them ways of pleasing guests. From the poems and literal work of the ancient Yuan dynasty, the playing of football socially was diminished, however from a different point of view, it was the high-point for woman's football.