高、低衝擊有氧舞蹈與階梯有氧之生物力學分析

Biomechanical Analysis of High-Low Impact Aerobic Dance and Step Aerobics

10.6222/pej.0033.200209.2412

王思宜(Shi- Yi Wang)；黃長褔(Chen-Fu Huang)

有氧舞蹈 ； 階梯有氧 ； 地面反作用力 ； 功 ； aerobic dance ； step aerobics ； ground reaction force ； work

體育學報

33期（2002 / 09 / 01）

125 - 135

繁體中文

本研究目的在比較高、低衝擊有氧舞蹈與階梯有氧於前舉膝動作過程中，運動學與動力學參數之差異。以六位具AFAA執照與有氧舞蹈教學經驗之女性為受試對象，每位受試者須完成有氧舞蹈高、低衝擊前舉膝與不同登階高度(10cm與20cm)之高衝擊前舉膝共四種動作。以一部PEAK攝影機(120Hz)與一塊KISTLER測力板(600Hz)同步擷取實驗所需資料。以重覆量數單因子變異數分析考驗各變數之差異。研究結果發現：高衝擊前舉膝與兩種登階高度之階梯有氧主要是利用膝關節與踝關節的彎曲，來緩衝著地產生的撞擊力量。其次，著地期第一峰值力量出現在人體神經骨骼系統所能產生緩衝之時間內，顯示在著地期人體有充分時間藉由下肢關節較大幅度的彎曲以緩衝撞擊。在下肢各關節貢獻程度上，完成低衝擊前舉膝動作之最主要貢獻關節為髖關節；高衝擊前舉膝則以踝關節為其主要貢獻關節；且隨著登階高度的增加，髖關節的相對貢獻程度亦隨之增加。因高衝擊前舉膝與兩種登階高度之階梯有氧在第一峰值力量、被動衝量與總功皆高於低衝擊前舉膝，且著地後的緩衝時間較短；因此建議教師在課程安排設計上，應多交替高衝擊與低衝擊動作，以緩和身體承受之負荷。

The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematics and kinetics both in high-low impact aerobic dance and step aerobics. Six female subjects, experienced in aerobic dance, performed front knee lift movements under high-low impact aerobics and two-step heights (10 cm, 20 cm) in step aerobics. One PEAK camera (120 Hz) and one KISTLER force plate (600 Hz) were synchronized to collect the data. An ANOYA for repeated measures was used to identify differences for each dependent variable. The result indicated that it is important to flex at the knee and ankle joints in order to absorb and reduce the shock in the landing phase. Moreover, the first peak impact force appeared within the human neuromuscular system responded to modify these forces, such that the muscles are able to absorb the shock by flexing at the lower extremity. During low impact front knee lift (LFKL), hip joint was the maximum contribution of the lower extremity; while during high impact front knee lift (HFKL) aerobic the ankle joint became the maximum contribution of the lower extremity. The relative contributions of the hip joint increased as step height increased. When compared to the LFKL, HFKL and two-step heights of step aerobics had significant shorter time to first peak impact force and higher values for first peak impact force, passive impact impulse and total work, so the instructors required designing the movements alternate high and low impact aerobics in aerobic dance class.

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