咖啡因對中高強度間歇運動後超額攝氧量的影響

Effect of Caffeine on Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption after Moderate-High Intensity Interval Exercise

10.6222/pej.4703.201409.1003

黃香萍(Hsiang-Ping Huang)；蘇玫尹(Mei-Yin Su)；林嘉志(Chiab-Chih Lin)；謝伸裕(Shen-Yu Hsieh)；王鶴森(Ho-Seng Wang)

心跳率 ； 攝氧量 ； 血乳酸 ； heart rate ； oxygen uptake ； lactate acid

體育學報

47卷3期（2014 / 09 / 01）

349 - 358

繁體中文

目的：探討咖啡因對中高強度間歇運動後超額攝氧量（excess post exercise oxygen consumption, EPOC）的影響。方法：8位健康男性受試者（年齡：24.4 ± 0.3歲、身高：174.7 ± 2.4公分；體重：70.8 ± 2.8公斤；VO_2peak：38.6 ± 1.7 mg／kg／min）參與兩次平衡交叉，雙盲且間隔至少一週的實驗處理，一次攝取250毫克的咖啡因膠囊，一次則為安慰劑，兩次增補後統一安靜休息90分鐘，隨即進行中高強度運動，運動方式為先以60%VO_2peak的強度進行腳踏車運動20分鐘後，再進行3組80% VO_2peak運動1分鐘，休息1分鐘的間歇性腳踏車運動。採集受試者攝取咖啡因或安慰劑後第0、25、55、85分鐘之安靜心跳率（heart rate, HR）、呼吸交換率（respiratory exchange ratio, RER）及攝氧量（oxygen uptake, VO_2）。實驗過程中也採集受試者增補前（pre-90）、運動前立即（pre-exe）、運動後恢復期的第4分鐘、240分鐘及480分鐘（post-4、post-240、post-480）之前臂靜脈血液，以及運動後60分鐘之攝氧量。統計方法以相依樣本t考驗檢定總EPOC、快速期EPOC及慢速期EPOC；以重複量數雙因子（treatment × time）變異數分析考驗HR、RER、VO_2及血乳酸濃度之交互作用及差異顯著情形。結果：安靜攝氧量部分，時間與組別交互作用達顯著（F = 7.68, p = .028），咖啡因處理在第25分鐘（5.50 ± 0.36 ml／kg／min, p = .004）、第55分鐘（5.17 ± 0.21 ml／kg／min, p = .032）及第85分鐘（5.36 ± 0.23 ml／kg／min, p = .010）之攝氧量，皆顯著高於第0分鐘（4.35 ± 0.19 ml／kg／min）。EPOC部分，僅咖啡因處理（750.86 ± 91.39 ml）之EPOC快速期顯著高於安慰劑處理（600.27 ± 72.19 ml）（p = .043）。結論：攝取250 mg咖啡因可顯著增加安靜時代謝速率，及中高強度間歇運動後之能量消耗，若日後欲進行中高強度間歇運動，且欲增加能量消耗時，建議可於運動前搭配攝取咖啡因。

Purpose: To investigate the effect of caffeine on excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after moderate-high intensity exercise. Method: Eight healthy males (age: 24.4 ± 0.3 yr, height: 174.8 ± 2.4 cm, weight: 70.8 ± 2.8, VO_2peak: 38.6 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min) attended two randomized, cross-over, double-blind trials at least one week apart, one with 250 mg caffeine (Caf) and one with placebo (0 mg caffeine; Pla), and after 90 min rest then completed each exercise session (ES) on cycle ergometer. ES consisting of 20 min of cycling at 60% VO_(2peak) follow by 3 sets of 1-min cycling at 80% VO_(2peak) with a 1-min rest between sets. During each ES, resting VO_2 and 60-min post-exercise VO_2 were measured. Blood sample were drawn at 90 min before exercise, pre-exercise, and 30 min, 240 min, 480 min after exercise. Plasma was analyzed for lactate. VO_2 was measured for the 60 min after the exercise. Data from total EPOC, fast phase EPOC, and slow phase EPOC were analyzed by paired t-tests and p ＜ .05 was considered statistically significant. HR, RER, VO_2 and lactate were compared initially through two-way (treatment × time) ANOVA with repeated measures. Result: No significant difference in HR and RER. However, the interaction effect of treatment and time on VO_2 was statistically significant (F = 7.68, p = .028). VO_2 was significantly increased at 25 (5.50 ± 0.36 ml/kg/min), 55 (5.17 ± 0.21 ml/kg/min) and 85 min (5.36 ± 0.23 ml/kg/min) than before (4.35 ± 0.19 ml/kg/min) (p = .004, p = .032, p = .010) supplementation in caffeine trail. Fast phase of EPOC in caffeine trail was significantly higher than placebo (750.86 ± 91.39 ml vs. 600.27 ± 72.19 ml, p = .043). Conclusion: Ingestion of caffeine 250 mg could increase the ratio of rest metabolism, as well as after middle-high intensity interval exercise.

1. Margaria, R., Edwards, H. T., & Dill, D. B. (1933). The possible mechanism of contracting and paying the oxygen debt and the role of lactic acid in muscular contraction. American Journal of Physiology, 106, 689-715.
2. Hill, A. V., & Lupton, H. (1923). Muscular exercise, lactic acid, and the supply and utilization of oxygen. Quarterly Journal of Medicine,16(62), 135-171. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/os-16.62.135.
3. Acheson, K. J.,Gremaud, G.,Meirim, I.,Montigon, F.,Krebs, Y.,Fay, L. B.,Tappy, L.(2004).Metabolic effects of caffeine in humans: Lipid oxidation or futile cycling?.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,79(1),40-46.
4. Acheson, K. J.,Zahorska-Markiewicz, B.,Pittet, P.,Anantharaman, K.,Jequier, E.(1980).Caffeine and coffee: Their influence on metabolic rate and substrate utilization in normal weight and obese individuals.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,33(5),989-997.
5. Bahr, R.,Sejersted, O. M.(1991).Effect of feeding and fasting on excess postexercise oxygen consumption.Journal of Applied Physiology,71(6),2088-2093.
6. Borsheim, E.,Bahr, R.(2003).Effect of exercise intensity, duration and mode on post-exercise oxygen consumption.Sports Medicine,33(14),1037-1060.
7. Bruce, C. R.,Anderson, M. E.,Fraser, S. F.,,Stepto, N. K.,Klein, R.,Hopkins, W. G.,Hawley, J. A.(2000).Enhancement of 2000-m rowing performance after caffeine ingestion.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,32(11),1958-1963.
8. Chad, K.,Quigley, B.(1989).The effects of substrate utilization, manipulated by caffeine, on post-exercise oxygen consumption in untrained female subjects.European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology,59(1-2),48-54.
9. Collomp, K.,Ahmaidi, S.,Audran, M.,Chanal, J. L.,Prefaut, C.(1991).Effects of caffeine ingestion on performance and anaerobic metabolism during the Wingate Test.International Journal of Sports Medicine,12(5),439-443.
10. Collomp, K.,Ahmaidi, S.,Chatard, J. C.,Audran, M.,Prefaut, C.(1992).Benefits of caffeine ingestion on sprint performance in trained and untrained swimmers.European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology,64(4),377-380.
11. Collomp, K.,Caillaud, C.,Audran, M.,Chanal, J. L.,Prefaut, C.(1990).Effect of acute or chronic administration of caffeine on performance and on catecholamines during maximal cycle ergometer exercise.Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de ses Filiales,184(1),87-92.
12. Dodd, S. L.,Herb, R. A.,Powers, S. K.(1993).Caffeine and exercise performance. An update.Sports Medicine,15(1),14-23.
13. Doherty, M.,Smith, P. M.,Davison, R. C.,Hughes, M. G.(2002).Caffeine is ergogenic after supplementation of oral creatine monohydrate.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,34(11),1785-1792.
14. Drummond, M. J.,Vehrs, P. R.,Schaalje, G. B.,Parcell, A. C.(2005).Aerobic and resistance exercise sequence affects excess postexercise oxygen consumption.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,19(2),332-337.
15. Egan, D.,Head, T.(1999).Energy substrate metabolism during dual work rate exercise: Effects of order.Journal of Sport Science,17(11),889-894.
16. Engels, H. J.,Haymes, E. M.(1992).Effects of caffeine ingestion on metabolic responses to prolonged walking in sedentary males.International Journal of Sport Nutrition,2(4),386-396.
17. Gaesser, G. A.,Brooks, G. A.(1984).Metabolic bases of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption: A review.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,16,29-43.
18. Ganio, M. S.,Klau, J. F.,Casa, D. J.,Armstrong, L. E.,Maresh, C. M.(2009).Effect of caffeine on sport-specific endurance performance: A systematic review.Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,23(1),315-324.
19. Graham, T. E.,Helge, J. W.,MacLean, D. A.,Kiens, B.,Richter, E. A.(2000).Caffeine ingestion does not alter carbohydrate or fat metabolism in human skeletal muscle during exercise.The Journal of Physiology,529(Pt 3),837-847.
20. Imamura, H.,Shibuya, S.,Uchida, K.,Teshima, K.,Masuda, R.,Miyamoto, N.(2004).Effect of moderate exercise on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and catecholamines in young women.Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,44(1),23-29.
21. Juhn, M. S.(2002).Ergogenic aids in aerobic activity.Current Sports Medicine Reports,1(4),233-238.
22. Kamimori, G. H.,Somani, S. M.,Knowlton, R. G.,Perkins, R. M.(1987).The effects of obesity and exercise on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in lean and obese volunteers.European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology,31(5),595-600.
23. Matsuo, T.,Ohkawara, K.,Seino, S.,Shimojo, N.,Yamada, S.,Ohshima, H.,Mukai, C.(2012).Cardiorespiratory fitness level correlates inversely with excess post-exercise oxygen consumption after aerobic-type interval training.Biomed Central Research Notes,5,646.
24. McConnell, T. R.(1988).Practical considerations in the testing of VO2max in runners.Sports Medicine,5(1),57-68.
25. Meeusen, R.,Roelands, B.,Spriet, L. L.(2013).Caffeine, exercise and the brain.Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop Series,76,1-12.
26. Mougios, V.,Ring, S.,Petridou, A.,Nikolaidis, M. G.(2003).Duration of coffee- and exercise-induced changes in the fatty acid profile of human serum.Journal of Applied Physiology,94(2),476-484.
27. Neary, J. P.,Docherty, D.,Wenger, H. A.(1993).Post-exercise metabolic rate is influenced by elevated core temperature.Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,25(2),43-47.
28. Nikolic, J.,Bjelakovic, G.,Stojanovic, I.(2003).Effect of caffeine on metabolism of L-arginine in the brain.Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,244(1-2),125-128.
29. Pasman, W. J.,van Baak, M. A.,Jeukendrup, A. E.,de Haan, A.(1995).The effect of different dosages of caffeine on endurance performance time.International Journal of Sports Medicine,16(4),225-230.
30. Phelain, J. F.,Reinke, E.,Harris, M. A.,Melby, C. L.(1997).Postexercise energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in young women resulting from exercise bouts of different intensity.Journal of the American College of Nutrition,16(2),140-146.
31. Rober, D.,Ros, P.,Jan, R.,Dennis, R.(2000).Physical Education and the Study of Sport.UK:Harcourt.
32. Ryu, S.,Choi, S. K.,Joung, S. S.,Suh, H.,Cha, Y. S.,Lee, S.,Lim, K.(2001).Caffeine as a lipolytic food component increases endurance performance in rats and athletes.Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology,47(2),139-146.
33. Sedlock, D. A.,Fissinger, J. A.,Melby, C. L.(1989).Effect of exercise intensity and duration on postexercise energy expenditure.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,21(6),662-666.
34. Teekachunhatean, S.,Tosri, N.,Rojanasthien, N.,Srichairatanakool, S.,Sangdee, C.(2013).Pharmacokinetics of caffeine following a single administration of coffee enema versus oral coffee consumption in healthy male subjects.International Scholarly Research Network Pharmacology,2013,147238.
35. Tomlin, D. L.,Wenger, H. A.(2001).The relationship between aerobic fitness and recovery from high intensity intermittent exercise.Sports Medicine,31(1),1-11.

1. 蔡易珊,童亢,林信甫,王鶴森,王宏豪(2023)。有氧運動後增補咖啡因對健康成年男性踝臂脈波傳導速率及血壓之影響。體育學報，56(1)，61-76。
2. 相子元、侯彥竹(2014)。從 2015 年全球體適能調查探討未來趨勢。運動表現期刊，1(2)，33-37。
3. 張簡旭芳、相子元(2016)。運動表現之研究趨勢。運動表現期刊，3(2)，49-54。